基于Any Body仿真不同身体质量指数青年八段锦动作的下肢生物力学特征

Biomechanical Characteristics of Lower Limbs for the Youth with Different Body Mass Index Performing Baduanjin Exercise Based on Any Body Simulation

目的对比八段锦干预前后不同身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)青年下肢生物力学特征,为不同BMI八段锦练习者进行科学锻炼及设定运动处方提供参考。方法将不同BMI青年人群分为标准组、超重组、肥胖组,以BTS SMART 3D红外动作捕捉系统记录运动参数及肌电参数,KISTLER测力台记录动力参数,用Any Body仿真软件计算运动参数及动力参数,BTS SMART Analyzer处理积分肌电值。结果八段锦干预前各项指标无显著差异,干预后标准组、超重组、肥胖组膝关节屈伸角度、角速度以及标准组膝关节屈伸角加速度显著提高。八段锦显著提高标准组、超重组、肥胖组膝关节屈曲力及力矩,提高标准组髋关节屈曲力及力矩、踝关节跖屈力及力矩,干预后标准组同肥胖组相比,膝关节屈曲力、力矩均差异显著,膝关节屈曲力、力矩与BMI呈正相关。八段锦显著提高标准组、超重组、肥胖组的髂腰肌、臀中肌、梨状肌、臀大肌、股直肌、缝匠肌、胫骨前肌、股二头肌长头、趾长屈肌、拇长屈肌、腓骨长肌、腓骨短肌肌力。八段锦显著提高股直肌、胫骨前肌、股二头肌积分肌电值。结论八段锦可提高青年下肢肌力和神经肌肉控制能力。BMI越大,膝关节屈曲力、力矩越大。

Objective To compare the biomechanical characteristics of lower limbs of young people with different body mass index( BMI) before and after the intervention of Baduanjin exercise,so as to provide references for scientific exercise and sport prescription for young Baduanjin practitioners with different BMIs. Methods Young volunteers with different BMI were divided into standard group,overweight group and obesity group. The BTS SMART 3 D infrared motion capture system was used to capture the motion parameters and electromyography( EMG) parameters,the KISTLER dynamometer was used to collect the dynamic parameters,the AnyBody simulation software was used to calculate the kinematic parameters and dynamic parameters,and BTS SMART Analyzer was used to compare the different integral electromyography values. Results There was no significant difference in each parameter before the intervention of Baduanjin. After the intervention,the angle and angular velocity of the knee joint during extension and flexion in standard group,overweight group and obesity group,and the angular acceleration of the knee joint during extension and flexion in standard group significantly increased.Baduanjin significantly increased the knee flexion force and moment in standard group,overweight group and obesity group,and increased the hip flexion force and moment as well as ankle metatarsal flexion force and moment in standard group. Compared with obesity group,the knee flexion force and moment in standard group were significantly different. The knee joint force and moment were positively correlated with BMI. Baduanjin significantly increased muscle strength of iliopsoas,gluteus medius,piriformis,gluteus maximus,rectus femoris,sartorius,tibialis anterior,biceps femoris longhead,flexor digitorum longus,flexor pollicis longus,musculus peroneus longus and musculus peroneus brevis. Baduanjin significantly increased the integrated electromyogram( i EMG) of rectus femoris,tibialis anterior,biceps femoris. Conclusions Baduanjin can improve muscle strength and neuromuscular control ability of young people. The larger the BMI,the greater the flexion force and moment of the knee joint.