煤矿井下交接班阶段事故发生现状分析

Analysis over the current situation of the coal mining accidents particularlyon the shift-changing juncture

为研究我国煤矿交接班阶段事故发生的特点与规律,以2017—2019年全国煤矿交接班前后2 h内的事故为分析对象,采用数据统计法对煤矿交接班阶段事故发生类型、区域、月份、时间段、诱因5个维度进行分析。结果表明:1)顶板、瓦斯、运输事故是煤矿交接班阶段事故的主要类型;2)四川、山西、贵州是煤矿交接班阶段事故灾害严重区域,其中贵州省为重大事故高发地区;3)每年1月、7月、12月煤矿交接班阶段事故发生频率最高,12月较大及重大事故最多;4)16点班前后2 h内煤矿事故数量最多,灾害最为严重;5)违章作业是导致煤矿井下交接班阶段事故发生的主要诱因。同时,针对煤矿交接班阶段事故发生规律提出了对策和建议。

The paper is oriented at a research on the regularity and frequency for the coal mining accidents that may take place during the shift changing juncture at home in China. To be more specific,it would like to focus our attention to the accidents that used to take place during the 2 hours pro-&-pro the shift-changing stage during the 5 years ’ period from 2008 to 2013.To achieve the said purpose,the statistical analysis method has been used to analyze the dimensions of the coal mine accident types,locations,months,time periods as well as the inducements at the shift-changing stage. The results we have gained show that: (1) The roof,gas and transportation accidents are the most dangerous types of coal mining accidents against the state laws and government orders;(2) Sichuan,Shanxi and Guizhou are known as the areas with serious coal mining accidents at the above said stage,among which Guizhou is the area most prone to such serious accidents;And, (3) as to the frequency of such disastrous accidents from the point of view of the seasons and months,July and December should be relegated to be the periods most prone for such mishaps in the annual term,particularly in December;(4) And,in terms of the number of accidents and deaths,the zero hour at midnight till 8: 00 in the morning should be said the most likely hours for such mishaps whereas the period pre-&-pro 16: 00 shift-changing should be taken as the key juncture for accident prevention;(5) As for the coal mines with poor mining facilities and equipment,the chief cause for high incidence of accidents should be attributed to violent and illegal mining activities as well as the poor training for the coal miners.And,so,in order to reduce the frequency of the above mentioned coal mining accidents,it is of primary importance to strengthen the necessary strict supervision and management in addition to the reinforcement of the direst coal mining management along with the strengthening the accident prevention and inspection system at all the stages so as to heighten the production technology and enhance the scientific and technological management and control.