基于数值生物力学模型的汽车正面碰撞中肥胖驾驶员头颈部损伤研究

Research on Head and Neck Injuries of Obese Driversin Frontal Car Crashes Based on Numerical Biomechanics Model

以THUMS男性50百分位有限元模型为研究对象,使用Hypermesh软件中的Hypermorph功能对THUMS男性50百分位有限元模型进行网格变形,得到一系列不同BMI的肥胖有限元模型。建立了汽车正面100%重叠率碰撞仿真模型,对比了肥胖乘员与非肥胖乘员头、颈部的损伤差异。研究表明,头部损伤部分,BMI并未对HIC36表现出显著性影响,但另外一种头部损伤指标CSDM0.15表现出了与BMI呈正相关的趋势,肥胖乘员相比非肥胖乘员头部损伤风险更大;颈部损伤部分,颈部黄韧带、棘间韧带和前纵韧带的伸长率随着BMI的增加而增加,且无论是非肥胖乘员还是肥胖乘员,三条韧带都在同一区域出现最大伸长率,换而言之,随着肥胖程度的增加,颈部可能出现损伤的位置并未明显偏移,颈部发生损伤的风险未表现出明显差异。

In this paper,the finite element model of the THUMS 50th percentile male is re-meshed to obtain a series of obese finite element models with different BMI.This article established a simulation model with the frontal collision overlap rate of 100%,and then the injuries in head and neck were compared between the obese and non-obese drivers.The results show that for the head injury,the BMI does not have a significant impact on HIC36.However,another head injury indicator CSDM0.15 used in this article shows a positive correlation with the BMI,which indicates that the obese male drivers are at greater risk for head injuries than non-obese male drivers.For the neck injury,the elongation rate of the cervical ligamentum flavum,the interspinous ligament and the anterior longitudinal ligament increase with BMI.And for both the non-obeseand obese drivers,the three types of ligaments have the maximum elongation in the same area.As the level of obesity increases,the location of the neck injury does not change significantly and the risk of neck injury remains the same.