细胞外基质与肿瘤干细胞相互作用的研究进展

Research progress on the interaction between extracellular matrix and cancer stem cells

细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)是由蛋白质与糖类等生物大分子在细胞表面或细胞间构成的复杂网络结构。细胞外基质的过量沉积或结构形态异常是肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)的重要特征之一。肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSC)指肿瘤内部一类具有无限增殖、自我更新及多向分化潜能的细胞亚群,参与肿瘤的启动、扩散、转移和复发。研究表明,肿瘤的发生是一个由细胞外基质和肿瘤干细胞相互促进、共同演化的过程。本文就ECM的组成成分、特性及其对CSC的生物学行为影响展开讨论,以期为肿瘤的临床治疗寻求新方向。

The extracellular matrix(ECM)is a complex network structure composed of biological macromolecules such as proteins and carbohydrates on the cell surface or between cells.Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix or abnormal structure and shape is one of the important features of tumor microenvironment(TME).Cancer stem cells(CSC)refer to a subgroup of cells with the potential for immortal proliferation,self-renewal,and multidirectional differentiation within tumors,and are involved in tumor initiation,spread,metastasis and recurrence.Studies have shown that tumor occurrence is a process of mutual promotion and co-evolution by extracellular matrix and tumor stem cells.This article discusses the composition and characteristics of ECM and its influence on the biological behavior of CSC,with a view to seeking new directions for the clinical treatment of tumors.