中药复合小肽对于肉鸡小肠形态、盲肠肠道菌群和生产性能的影响

Effects of compound small peptide of Chinese medicine on small intestine morphology,cecal intestinal flora and production performance of broiler chickens

本试验研究了饲粮中分别添加0(MC),250(MD),500(MZ),750g/t(MG)中药复合小肽(compound small peptide of chinese medicine,CSPCM)对爱拔益佳肉鸡小肠形态和盲肠菌群的影响,并与现有饲料添加剂酶制剂(MM)和微生态制剂(MS)的效果进行对比。结果显示,在饲粮中添加500,750g/t中药复合小肽能够增加十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度和绒毛长度与隐窝深度比值(P<0.05)。在饲粮中添加750g/t中药复合小肽能提高可操作分类单元数(operational taxonomic units,OTUs)(P<0.05)。MD组的盲肠粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium)含量显著低于MC组(P<0.05);MD、MZ、MG、MS和MM组的盲肠乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)含量高于MC组(P>0.05)。在MG组中具有丰度差异的微生物类群是β-变形菌门(Betaproteobacteria)、黄杆菌纲(Flavobacteriia)、伯克霍尔德菌目(Burkholderiales)、黄杆菌目(Flavobacteriales)和黄杆菌科(Flavobacteriaceae)。在MM组中具有丰度差异的微生物类群是艰难杆菌科(Mogibacteriaceae)。21日龄各组体质量无显著性差异;42日龄MD组的体质量显著高于MC和MS组(P<0.05),MZ和MG组的体质量显著高于MC、MM和MS组(P<0.05)。结果表明,在饲料中添加中、高剂量的CSPCM可提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛长度、绒毛长度与隐窝深度比值和盲肠内有益菌含量。低剂量的CSPCM可增加盲肠内拟杆菌门菌群丰度。在饲料中添加CSPCM能够改善盲肠菌群。在饲料中添加750g/t CSPCM对促进肉鸡小肠发育从而达到提高生产性能的效果是最好的,并且效果优于微生态制剂和酶制剂。

In this study,the effects of dietary supplementation with 0(MC),250(MD),500(MZ),750g/t(MG)of compound small peptide of Chinese medicine(CSPCM)on small intestines morphology and caecum flora of AA broiler chickens were investigated.The effects were compared with existing enzyme preparations(MM)and probiotic feed additives(MS).The results showed that dietary supplementation of 500and 750g/t CSPCM could increase the length of villi and the ratio of villi length to crypt depth(P<0.05).Adding 750g/t of CSPCM to diet could increase the number of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)(P<0.05).The content of Faecalibacteriumin MD group was significantly lower than that in MC group(P<0.05).Lactobacillus content in MD group,MZ group,MG group,MS group and MM group was higher than that in MC group(P<0.05).The microbial groups with different abundance in the MG group were Betaproteobacteria,Flavobacteriia,Burkholderiales,Flavobacteriales,Flavobacteriaceae.The microbial group with different abundance in MM group was Mogibacteriaceae.Adding 500,750g/t of CSPCM to feed could improve the villi length,the ratio of villus height to crypt depth and content of beneficial bacteria in the duodenum and jejunum.Adding 250g/t of CSPCM could increase the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the cecum.There was no significant difference in body mass between the groups at 21d.The weight of the chickens at 42din MD group was significantly higher than that of the chickens in MC and MS groups(P<0.05).The chickens in MZ and MG groups had significantly higher body mass than MC,MM and MS groups(P<0.05).Adding CSPCM to feed can improve cecum flora.Adding 750g/t CSPCM to feed has the best effect on the small intestine development of broiler chickens,which can improve the production performance,and the effect is better than that of probiotics and enzyme preparations.