安全韧性城市视域下突发公共卫生事件应急体系构建--以合肥市实证分析为视角

Modeling of Emergency System for Public Health Emergencies from the Perspective of Safety and Resilience City:Taking Hefei City as an Example

脆弱性城市需要一套安全韧性的治理方法以优化现代应急体系,增强城市的复原力。城市安全韧性治理理论要求"一元主导、多元合作"的应急体制,在复杂多元的风险情境中实现动态结构调整与功能优化,升级科学管理意识和从灾害场景中组织学习的能力。以合肥市为例,从现实层面,研究其突发公共卫生事件应急治理体系的韧性短板,主要集中于预案与法制的同质化与被动性倾向、府际之间配合的难度,以及科学管理意识和技术的匮乏。应从动态应急、协同应急、科学应急三大层面优化合肥市韧性城市构建进路,将韧性科学与社会科学应急领域交叉融合,加强符合我国国情的地方公共卫生"一案三制"应急体系建构。

The fragility of the city requires a set of safe and resilient governance methods to optimize the modern emergency system and enhance the resilience of the city. The theory of safety and resilience governance requires an emergency system of "unitary dominance and pluralistic cooperation", dynamic structural adjustment and functional optimization in complex and pluralistic risk situations, and upgrading scientific management awareness and organizational learning ability from disaster scenes. Taking Hefei city as an example, from the practical level, this paper studies the toughness shortcomings of the emergency management system for public emergencies, which mainly focuses on the homogenization and passivity tendency of the plan and the legal system, the difficulty of cooperation between governments, and the lack of scientific management awareness and technology. From a macro-perspective, this paper studies how the emergency management system can achieve dynamic structural adjustment and functional optimization in complex and diversified risk situations, and upgrade the government’s scientific management awareness and organizational learning ability from disaster scenarios. Finally, from a micro-perspective, the paper studies the optimal approach of building a resilient city from three aspects: dynamic emergency, collaborative emergency and scientific emergency. The emergency fields of resilience science and social science should be cross-integrated, and the construction of "one case, three systems" system in Anhui province should be strengthened.