农产品质量安全保障与供应链治理机制研究——基于市场参与主体行为的分析

Study on Agricultural Product Quality Safety and Supply Chain Governance Mechanism——Based on the Behavior of Market Participants

农产品质量安全是关系国计民生的基础性问题。本文针对农产品市场构建农产品供应链的多主体仿真实验,研究市场参与主体(农户、批发商和监管机构)行为对农产品质量安全的影响,以期为"后疫情时代"农产品市场建立保障农产品质量安全的长效机制提供决策依据。仿真结果表明:市场交易层面,批发商与农产品合作社形成契约型供应链有利于提高农产品质量安全水平。一方面,基于契约关系约束合作社以引导农户的安全生产行为;另一方面,通过合作社将零散的农户整合成集体,有效减少监管成本;市场监管层面,监管机构的监管强度对农户和批发商存在异质性,监管机构对农户监管的效果优于对批发商的监管效果。

The agricultural product quality safety is a fundamental issue related to the national economy and people’s livelihood. This paper constructs a multi-agent simulation framework of the agricultural product supply chain for the agricultural product market, and studies the impact of the behavior of market participants(farmers, wholesalers and regulators) on the quality safety of agricultural products, with a view to providing a policy basis for establishing a long-term mechanism to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products in the "post-COVID19 Era". The simulation results show that: At the market transaction level, the formation of a contractual supply chain between wholesalers and agricultural cooperatives is conducive to improving the quality safety of agricultural products. On the one hand, the Contract-based relationship binds the cooperatives to guide the safe production behavior of farmers;on the other hand, the integration of fragmented farmers into a collective through cooperatives effectively reduces the cost of supervision. At the market supervision level, there is heterogeneity in the intensity of supervision by regulators for farmers and wholesalers, and the effect of supervision by regulators for farmers is better than that for wholesalers.