机构改革的演进历程和制度变迁逻辑

The Evolution and the Institution Change Logic of Institutional Reform

机构改革是指行政组织随着内外生态环境的变化,不断调整和优化组织结构、职能、权力、人员、政策乃至文化,以期达到机构设置及治理体系与环境之间的动态平衡,更好地创造公共价值和实现公共利益的过程。运用历史制度主义中制度变迁的分析框架阐释新中国成立以来我国机构改革历程,发现其呈现出“精”“转”“优”的阶段性特征,遵循结构要素影响行为选择、行为选择塑造制度变迁路径的基本逻辑。机构改革是机构中既有要素的重新组合或既有要素与外部新要素的新组合的过程,是一种内生性的、渐进式的制度变迁。

Institutional reform refers to the continuous adjustment and optimization of organizational structure,functions,powers,personnel,policies and even culture of administrative organizations in accordance with changes in the internal and external ecological environment,in order to achieve a dynamic balance between institutional settings and governance systems and the environment,and better creation public value and the process of realizing public interest.Starting from the basic framework of institutional analysis,this paper combines the review of the practice of our country's previous institutional reforms,and finds that since the founding of the People's Republic of China,our country's previous institutional reforms have shown the stage characteristics of"refined","transformed"and"excellent",and follow structural elements to influence behavior choices.Behavior selection shapes the basic logic of the path of change.The essence of institutional reform is the process of recombination of existing elements in an organization or a new combination of existing elements and new external elements.It is an endogenous and gradual institutional change.