丹红注射液治疗心脑血管疾病的药理作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on Pharmacological Mechanism of Danhong Injection in Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

心脑血管疾病是危害人类健康的重大疾病之一,在我国其发病率及死亡率仍处于上升阶段。中药注射剂因起效迅速、疗效显著、使用方便等在心脑血管疾病防治中发挥重要作用。其中,活血化瘀类中药注射剂丹红注射液被广泛用于心脑血管疾病的临床治疗。丹红注射液由丹参与红花2味中药组成,具有活血化瘀、通脉舒络的功效,主要含有酚酸类、丹参酮类、黄酮类等化学成分。大量研究表明,丹红注射液在缺血性心脑血管病治疗方面具有显著疗效,是中医"脑心同治"的代表药物,其药理作用涉及抗炎、抗氧化、抗凝血、改善血液流变性、降血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、促血管新生、保护血管内皮、抗细胞凋亡、保护神经系统、抗血小板聚集、抑制血栓形成、改善微循环等方面。另有一些研究也从不同程度上阐释了丹红注射液通过多靶点、多通路的整体调节与干预对心脑血管疾病发挥保护作用,但仍有一些未知的药理作用有待进一步探索。因此,笔者拟梳理当前丹红注射液的化学成分研究情况,以及其治疗心脑血管疾病的多靶点、多通路药理作用机制研究现状,介绍丹红注射液最新的药理学研究进展,以期为该药物的临床合理用药及后续深入研究提供理论指导。

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are one of the major diseases endangering human health,and its morbidity and mortality are still in the rising stage in our country. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) injections play an important role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases due to their advantages of rapid onset,remarkable curative effect,and convenient use.Among them,Danhong injection(DHI),a Chinese medicine injection for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,is widely used in the clinical treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. DHI is composed of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(Danshen in Chinese)and Carthami Flos(Honghua in Chinese),and mainly contains phenolic acids,tanshinones and flavonoids. A large number of studies have shown that DHI has a significant effect in the treatment of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases,is a representative drug of co-therapy of brain and heart of TCM,its pharmacological effects related to many aspects such as anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,anti-coagulation. At the same time,Other studies have also explained the protective effects of DHI on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through the overall regulation and intervention of multiple targets and pathways. However,DHI has a wide range of clinical applications,there are still many unknown pharmacological effects to be further explored. Therefore,this article summarizes the current researches on the chemical components of DHI,the multi-target and multi-path pharmacological mechanisms of DHI in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and introduces the latest pharmacological research progress,so as to provide theoretical guidance for clinical rational drug use and subsequent in-depth research.