经会阴三维超声对孕妇孕期盆底的应用价值

Value of Transperineal Three-dimensional Ultrasound in Pelvic Floor During Pregnancy

目的探讨经会阴实时三维超声对孕妇孕期盆底组织结构及功能变化中的应用价值。方法选择2018年10月~2020年6月在温州医科大学附属第二医院定期产检且无早产及无盆底功能障碍临床症状的单胎初产孕妇26例、单胎经产孕妇25例行经会阴实时三维超声检查,并与44例健康体检未育女性进行比较观察。结果健康未育组、初产孕妇组及经产孕妇组盆底超声各参数中,3组间在静息状态下的膀胱颈的距离(BSD)、膀胱尿道后角(RVA)、宫颈外口距离、直肠壶腹部距离比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),在静息状态下和缩肛状态下的肛提肌裂孔面积(LHA-R、LHA-S)均逐渐增大,且差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论经会阴实时三维超声可清晰、动态观察妊娠期盆底结构,并可进行量化评估,可用于妊娠期女性的盆底功能动态评估。

Objective To evaluate the transperineal real-time three-dimensional ultrasound in the changes of pelvic floor tissue structures and function during pregnancy.Methods From October 2018 to June 2020,26 cases of single primiparas and 25 cases of single multiparas without clinical symptoms of premature birth and pelvic floor dysfunction were selected for perineal real-time three-dimensional ultrasound examination,and compared with 44 cases of healthy nulliparous women.Results Among the parameters of pelvic floor ultrasound in nulliparous group,primipara group and multipara group,there was no significant difference in the bladder neck-symphysis distance(BSD),retrovesical angle(RVA),distance of cervical external and distance of rectal ampulla(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in the levator hiatus area at rest and on straining state(LHA-R,LHA-S)(P=0.000).Conclusion Transperineal real-time three-dimensional ultrasound can clearly and dynamically observe the pelvic floor structure during pregnancy,and can be used for quantitatively evaluation of pelvic floor function in pregnancy woman.