秦皇岛市某仓库三种火灾蔓延等级下火灾特性的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study on Fire Characteristics of A Warehouse in Qinhuangdao Under Three Fire Spreading Grades

火灾是危及人民生活的最频繁灾难之一,科学防火成为未来消防安全的重要方向.火灾发生时会产生大量的热,并同时释放对人体有害的燃烧产物.文中以秦皇岛市某仓库为例,使用流体动力学软件Fluent对中等、快速和极快三种火灾蔓延等级下火灾特性开展数值模拟.分析火灾发生后,温度场的分布特性和燃烧产物(CO、CO_(2))的流动特性,及其影响范围.结果表明:随着火灾蔓延等级的提升,影响面积逐渐增大;随着室外环境中风速的增加,影响面积随之扩大.综合考虑该仓库在最恶劣情况下即室外环境风速3 m/s、极快火灾蔓延等级时,温度、CO、CO_(2)所影响的最不利直径范围为280 m.

Fire is one of the most frequent disasters endangering people’s life.Scientific fire prevention will become an important direction of fire safety in the future.When a fire occurs,it generates lots of heat and releases combustion products harmful to human body.Taking a warehouse in Qinhuangdao City as an example,this paper uses Fluent to carry out numerical simulation of fire characteristics under three fire spread levels:medium,fast and extremely fast.The distribution of temperature field and flow characteristics of combustion products(CO,CO_(2))and their influence range after fire are analyzed.The results show that:with the improvement of fire spread level,the influence area increases gradually;with the increase of wind speed in outdoor environment,the influence area expands.Considering the worst conditions of the warehouse,i.e.outdoor wind speed of 3 m/s and extremely fast fire spread level,the most unfavorable diameter range affected by temperature,CO and CO_(2) is 280 m.