脑卒中患者口腔健康素养现状及其影响因素分析

The level and factors associated with oral health literacy in stroke patients

目的调查脑卒中患者口腔健康素养现状并分析其影响因素,为制订个体化干预方案提供参考。方法采用人口学资料及相关影响因素调查表、脑卒中患者口腔健康素养量表、口腔生活质量影响程度量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表对199例脑卒中患者进行调查。结果脑卒中患者口腔健康素养总分为(82.24±5.90)分;脑卒中患者口腔健康素养与口腔生活质量影响程度及抑郁呈负相关(均P<0.01)。文化程度、居住地、领悟社会支持、营养状态、婚姻状态、医疗支付方式、经济来源、吞咽功能、患慢性病种数、自觉经济压力、神经系统功能、自我感受负担、主要陪护者是脑卒中患者口腔健康素养的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论脑卒中患者口腔健康素养有待提高,其影响因素较多。医护人员应采取针对性措施提高患者的口腔健康素养。

Objective To investigate the level and factors associated with oral health literacy in stroke patients and to provide reference for the development of individualized intervention program.Methods Totally 199 stroke patients were investigated by using demographic data and disease-related assessment questionnaire,Oral Health Literacy Scale of Stroke Patients,Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14)and the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD).Results The total score of oral health literacy in stroke patients was(82.24±5.90),which was negatively correlated with the OHIP-14 score and HAMD score(P<0.01 for both).Education background,place of residence,perceived social support,nutritional status,marital status,medical payment,economic source,swallow function,the number of chronic diseases,perceived financial burden,nervous system function,perceived burden,and the main attendants were the influencing factors of oral health literacy(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Oral health literacy of stroke patients needs to be improved,and is affected by several factors.Medical staff should take targeted measures to enhance oral health literacy of stroke patients.