我院2016~2020年药物不良反应的帕累托图分析

An analysis of adverse drug reactions in our hospital from 2016 to 2020 with Pareto charts

目的分析本院2016~2020年药物不良反应(ADR)的帕累托图。方法从医院2016年1月~2020年12月“病例档案管理库”中抽取252例药物不良反应患者,通过帕累托图对累及系统器官、年龄、给药途径以及药理作用进行分析。分析药物不良反应患者的给药途径、药理作用、年龄分布情况及相关帕累托图。结果252例药物不良反应患者中,静脉滴注患者142例(56.35%),口服患者58例(23.02%),皮下注射患者22例(8.73%),肌内注射患者19例(7.54%),静脉注射患者8例(3.17%),其他途径给药患者3例(1.19%);帕累托图法影响因素:1~2号为A类,3号为B类,4~6号为C类。药理作用:其他67例(26.59%),抗菌药物66例(26.19%),中成药40例(15.87%),生物制品26例(10.32%),解热镇痛药17例(6.75%),抗糖尿病药9例(3.57%),肾上腺皮质激素药、抗酸及消化性溃疡药物、影响脑血管细胞调节药各7例(2.78%),调节血脂药6例(2.38%);帕累托图法影响因素:1~4号为A类,5~6号为B类、7~10号为C类。年龄分布:51~60岁患者43例(17.06%),61~70岁患者40例(15.87%),71~80岁患者38例(15.08%),21~30岁患者34例(13.49%),31~40岁和>80岁患者各31例(12.30%),41~50岁患者26例(10.32%),11~20岁患者5例(1.98%),0~10岁患者4例(1.59%);帕累托图法影响因素:1~5号为A类,6号为B类,7~9号为C类。结论经由帕累托图分析药物不良反应的相关因素,可对药物的使用起到监督及管控作用,尽量减少药物不良反应的发生率,对患者的用药安全起到一定保障性。

Objective To analyze adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital from 2016 to 2020 with Pareto charts.Methods 252 case files of patients with adverse drug reactions,dated from January 2016 to December 2020,were selected from the"Case File Management Database"of the hospital.System-organ involved,age,route of administration and pharmacological actions were analyzed with Pareto charts.The route of administration,pharmacological actions,age distribution of the patients with adverse drug reactions and related Pareto charts were analyzed.Results In 252 cases of adverse drug reactions,142 cases(56.35%)of intravenous drip,58 cases(23.02%)of oral administration,22 cases(8.73%)of subcutaneous injection,19 cases(7.54%)of intramuscular injection,8 cases(3.17%)of intravenous injection,3 cases(1.19%)of other routes of administration;influencing factors in the Pareto chart method:No.1-2 belonged to class A,No.3 belonged to class B,and No.4-6 belonged to class C.Pharmacological actions:67 other cases(26.59%),66 cases(26.19%)of antibacterial drugs,40 cases(15.87%)of Chinese traditional medicines,26 cases(10.32%)of biological products,17 cases(6.75%)of antipyretic analgesic,9 cases(3.57%)of antidiabetic drugs,7 cases(2.78%)of adrenal cortical hormone drugs,7 cases(2.78%)of drugs for antiacid and peptic ulcer diseases,7 cases(2.78%)of regulating drugs affecting cerebral vascular cells,6 cases(2.38%)of lipid regulating agents;influencing factors in the Pareto chart method:No.1-4 belonged to class A,No.5-6 belonged to class B,and No.7-10 belonged to class C.In the age distribution:43 cases(17.06%)in the age range of 51-60 years,40 cases(15.87%)in the age range of 61-70 years,38 cases(15.08%)in the age range of 71-80 years,34 cases(13.49%)in the age range of 21-30 years,31 cases(12.30%)in the age range of 31-40 years,31 cases(12.30%)in the age range of>80 years,26 cases(10.32%)in the age range of 41-50 years,5 cases(1.98%)in the age range of 11-20 years,4 cases(1.59%)in the age range of 0-10 years;influencing factors in the Pareto chart method:No.1-5 belonged to class A,No.6 belonged to class B,and No.7-9 belonged to class C.Conclusion An analysis of adverse drug reactions related factors with Pareto charts may play a role in monitoring and controlling the use of drugs,consequently,it may minimize the incidence of adverse drug reactions,and play a certain role in ensuring the safety of administration to patients.