黄南州生存成本特征研究

Study on the Characteristics of Survival Cost in Huangnan Prefecture

生存成本是以生存为对象的费用。生存费用实际上是收入的必要支出,收支是生存问题的两个方面。生存成本由食品烟酒支出、衣着支出、居住支出、生活用品及服务支出、交通和通信支出、教育文化娱乐支出、医疗保健支出、其他用品和服务支出等项目构成,是生存方式和生活质量的直接体现。生存成本提高意味着生活水平的提高,不同地区生存成本的特征不同并有不同的层级。本文以青海省黄南藏族自治州为研究范围,在界定人均消费支出为生存成本概念的基础上,采用水平分析法和垂直分析法,对2016年至2018年城镇居民收入与生存成本信息进行比较分析,得出了黄南州城镇居民生存成本要依靠国家力量进行支持。在此基础上,研究提出了优化生存成本的对策。

the cost of survival is the cost of survival.In fact,the cost of living is the necessary expenditure of income,and revenue and expenditure are two aspects of the problem of survival.The cost of living is composed of food,tobacco and alcohol expenditure,clothing expenditure,housing expenditure,daily necessities and services expenditure,transportation and communication expenditure,education,culture and entertainment expenditure,medical and health care expenditure,other supplies and services expenditure,which is the direct embodiment of the way of living and the quality of life.The improvement of survival cost means the improvement of living standard.The characteristics of survival cost in different regions are different and have different levels.This paper takes Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province as the research scope,on the basis of defining per capita consumption expenditure as the concept of survival cost,uses the horizontal analysis method and vertical analysis method to compare and analyze the information of urban residents'income and survival cost from 2016 to 2018,and concludes that the survival cost of urban residents in Huangnan Prefecture should rely on the support of the state.On this basis,the paper puts forward the countermeasures to optimize the cost of survival.