山东省大学生对高校突发公共卫生事件应对措施评价及其影响因素

Evaluation and associated factors of the responses to public health emergencies among college students in Shandong Province

目的了解山东省大学生对高校突发公共卫生事件应对措施的评价现状及其影响因素,为高校完善应急处理机制和防控工作提供参考。方法于2020年4—5月采用分层随机抽样方法,在山东省6所高校抽取7719名大学生,采用自编问卷进行包括一般人口学特征,学校采取应急处理措施、应急预案、开展应急模拟训练、开展健康教育等情况以及大学生对高校突发公共卫生事件应对措施的评价情况与存在问题等调查。结果65.5%的大学生表示在应对突发公共卫生事件时高校采取了应急处理措施,67.7%表示有应急预案,53.9%表示开展过模拟应急训练,64.7%表示开展过健康教育,大学生对高校突发公共卫生事件应对措施评价得分为(24.15±4.59)分,其中对学校制定的有关疫情控制的措施政策评价得分最高,为(4.05±0.81)分;对心理健康教育或咨询辅导等服务的评价最低,为(3.95±0.85)分。性别、年级、专业、户口类型、学校是否采取应急处理措施、学校是否有突发应急预案、学校是否开展过应急模拟训练、学校是否开展健康教育影响大学生对措施的评价(t/F值分别为5.04,43.83,79.92,-3.40,26.86,34.83,29.35,35.01,P值均<0.01)。结论大学生对高校总体的防控工作表现较认可,但认为应对措施还存在不足之处;高校应针对防控过程中的成效与不足,不断完善突发公共卫生事件应急防控体系。

Objective To evaluate response to public health emergencies in colleges and universities and associated factors,and to provide references for emergency response mechanisms in colleges.Methods Using stratified random sampling,recruited 7719 students in 6 universities in Shandong Province during April-May 2020,and analyzed the data with SPSS 25.0 software.Results About 65.5%of college students reported response to public health emergencies in their college,67.7%of the students reported that colleges have emergency plans,53.9%of the students reported that colleges have carried out simulated emergency training,and 64.7%of the students reported that colleges have carried out health education.Evaluation from students for responding to public health emergencies in colleges and universities scored(24.15±4.59),of which measures and policies related to epidemic control were highest(4.05±0.81),while mental health education or counselling services were lowest(3.95±0.85).Gender,grade,major,type of household registration,emergency response measures,emergency response plan,emergency simulation training,health education were associated with the evaluation of the measures by college students(t;F=5.04,43.83,79.92,-3.40,26.86,34.83,29.35,35.01,P<0.01).Conclusion While recognizing the overall performance on public health responses in universities,college students believe certain limitations still exist;colleges and universities should continuously improve the emergency prevention and control system of public health emergencies in response to the effectiveness and deficiencies in the prevention and control process.