长期有氧运动对大学生下肢微循环功能及最大摄氧量的影响

Influence of long-term aerobic exercise sports on microcirculation function and maximum oxygen uptake on the lower limbs of college students

目的探讨长期有氧运动对大学生微循环功能和最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))的影响,并对微循环功能与VO_(2max)的关联性进行研究。方法以湖北民族大学在校大学生为研究对象,选取70名体育专业大学生为运动组,70名习惯久坐的非体育专业学生为对照组。使用PF6000型双通道激光多普勒血流检测仪对受试者右侧下肢股四头肌皮肤微循环功能进行测试;使用PFT Ergo心肺功能测试系统及所配备的功率自行车对受试者VO_(2max)进行测试。结果运动组微血管血流灌注量(MBP)基线值(6.5±1.8)低于对照组(8.1±2.5),但微血管反应性(1666.3±588.6)高于对照组(1165.2±407.1);运动组VO_(2max)的绝对值(2684.8±451.1)mL/min和相对值(42.7±4.3)mL/min均高于对照组(2474.4±423.5,35.1±4.8)mL/min(t值分别为-3.42,4.46,2.16,3.25,P值均<0.01)。微血管反应性和VO_(2max)(相对值)呈正相关(β=0.40,P=0.03),经皮氧分压和VO_(2max)(相对值)相关无统计学意义(β=0.23,P=0.19)。结论长期有氧运动能降低大学生安静时MBP,提高微血管反应性、经皮氧分压,微血管反应性的改善可能是有氧运动提高VO_(2max)相对值的重要外周生理学机制之一。

Objective To explore the effect of long-term aerobic exercise on microcirculation function and VO_(2max)of college students,and to explore the relationship between microcirculation function and VO_(2max).Methods Seventy sports major college students were selected as the exercise group,70 sedentary non-sports major students were selected as the control group.PF6000 dual-channel laser Doppler blood flow detector was used to assess the skin microcirculation function on the quadriceps femoris muscle of the subjects'right lower limbs.The PFT Ergo cardiopulmonary function test system and the equipped power bicycle were used to measure the VO_(2max)of the subjects.Results The baseline value of MBP in the exercise group was significantly lower than that in the control group(6.5±1.8 vs.8.1±2.5),but the microvascular reactivity(1666.3±588.6 vs.1165.2±407.1)was significantly higher than that in the control group(t=-3.42,4.46,P<0.01).The absolute value of VO_(2max)(2684.8±451.1 vs.2474.4±423.5)and relative value(42.7±4.3 vs.35.1±4.8)in exercise group were significantly higher than those in control group(t=2.16,3.25,P<0.01).Multiple regression showed that there was a positive correlation between microvascular reactivity and VO_(2max)(relative value)(β=0.40,P=0.03),but no significant correlation between percutaneous oxygen partial pressure and VO_(2max)(relative value)(β=0.23,P=0.19).Conclusion Long-term physical exercise can decrease microcirculation perfusion volume,improve microvascular reactivity,percutaneous oxygen partial pressure among college students.Improvement of the microvascular reactivity may be a sport improving VO_(2max)(relative)one of the most important peripheral physiological mechanism.