学龄前儿童非故意伤害与心理行为问题的相关性

Correlation between unintentional injury and behavioral problems in preschool children

目的探讨学龄前儿童心理行为问题与非故意伤害发生的相关性,为有针对性开展儿童非故意伤害预防工作提供依据。方法2019年9—10月采用分层整群方法抽取合肥市8所幼儿园2062名3~6岁儿童及其家长,采用自编问卷收集儿童过去1年非故意伤害的发生情况,采用Conners量表父母问卷(PSQ)对儿童心理行为特征进行调查。结果合肥市学龄前儿童非故意伤害年发生率为14.55%(300名),心理行为问题检出率为14.21%(293名)。发生非故意伤害儿童的心理行为问题检出率及品德问题、学习问题、心身问题、冲动-多动、焦虑、多动指数检出率分别为32.67%,2.33%,19.67%,15.00%,2.00%,1.00%,5.00%,未发生非故意伤害儿童分别为11.07%,0.45%,6.41%,4.88%,0.40%,0.17%,0.79%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为98.11,12.54,58.90,44.12,10.51,6.08,32.68,P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,心身问题(OR=3.13,95%CI=2.11~4.66)、学习问题(OR=2.73,95%CI=1.86~3.99)、多动指数异常(OR=3.16,95%CI=1.40~7.14)与学龄前儿童非故意伤害发生呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。结论心理行为问题是学龄前儿童非故意伤害的影响因素,在制定学龄前儿童非故意伤害防控措施时,应重视儿童心理行为问题的干预。

Objective To explore the relationship between behavioral problems and accidental injuries among preschoolers,and to provide evidence for the targeted prevention of children's accidental injuries.Methods During September to October 2019,parent of 2062 children aged 3 to 6 selected from 8 kindergartens in Hefei through stratified clustering method were investigated.The prevalence of accidental injuries and behavioral problems among preschoolers was collected by questionnaire survey.Results The prevalence of accidental injury during the past year was 14.55%(300),and behavioral problems 14.21%(293).Total rate of behavioral problems and rate of each dimensions in children with accidental injury were 32.67%,2.33%,19.67%,15.00%,2.00%,1.00%and 5.00%,compared to 11.07%,0.45%,6.41%,4.88%,0.40%,0.17%and 0.79%in children without accidental injury(χ^(2)=98.11,12.54,58.90,44.12,10.51,6.08,32.68,P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that psychosomatic problems(OR=3.13,95%CI=2.11-4.66),learning problems(OR=2.73,95%CI=1.86-3.99),abnormal hyperactivity index(OR=3.16,95%CI=1.40-7.14)and left-behind children(OR=1.53,95%CI=1.13-2.07)were associated with higher risk of accidental injuries(P<0.05).Conclusion Behavioral problems are significantly associated with unintentional injuries among preschool children,which deserved further attention and intervention when formulating prevention and control measures for childhood accidental injury.