我国数字经济发展水平测度与区域比较

Measurement and Regional Comparison of Digital Economy Development Level in China

数字经济在我国国民经济中的权重逐渐加大,已经成为经济体系的核心组成部分。立足已有研究,融入兼顾衡量区域发展差异的新指标,构建由数字基础、数字产业和数字环境构成的数字经济发展水平评价指标体系,截取2015—2019年的数据进行实证研究。结果表明,第一,我国数字经济发展多聚焦于短期竞争力的培育,对潜在竞争力的关注度较低,立足当前数字产业发展现状和趋势,强化数字环境建设是当务之急。第二,以数字经济发展水平为标准,我国区域经济发展水平可以划分为三大梯队,依城市群分布形成梯队布局,其中位于第一梯队的北京、上海和广东等三省份分别是京津冀城市群、长三角城市群和珠三角城市群的核心城市,第二梯队的省份多为第一梯队三个核心城市的辐射地区。数字经济使我国区域经济发展布局发生重大变化,但依城市群的发展分布为数字经济内循环提供了可能性。第三,数字经济与区域自我发展能力和主导产业高度关联。数字经济在产业发展基础和综合发展实力较强的区域发展结果与势头均良好;反之则出现较为严重的投入冗余,与区域产业难以联动发展,这一问题在东、中、西、东北四大区域均存在。第四,在我国畅通数字经济的内循环存在可行性,但是需要逐步实现。可在畅通第一梯队、第二梯队各自内循环的基础上,畅通第一梯队和第二梯队之间的数字经济循环,依城市群之间的产业链不断扩大内循环半径。

The weight of digital economy in China's national economy is gradually increasing,and it has become the core component of the economic system.Based on existing research,and integrating new indicators for measuring regional development differences,the authors construct an evaluation index system of digital economy development level composed of digital foundation,digital industry and digital environment,and intercept the data from 2015 to 2019 for empirical research.The results show that,first,the development of China's digital economy mostly focuses on the cultivation of short-term competitiveness,but pays less attention to the potential competitiveness;and based on the current situation and trend of digital industry development,it is urgent to strengthen the construction of digital environment.Second,taking digital economic development level as the standard,China’s regional economic development level can be divided into three echelons;the echelon layout is formed in accordance with the distribution of urban agglomerations;among them,the three provinces of Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong located in the first echelon are the core cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomerations,Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations,and the provinces in the second echelon are mostly the radiation areas of the three core cities in the first echelon;the digital economy has made great changes in the layout of China's regional economic development,but according to the development and distribution of urban agglomerations,it provides the possibility for smoothing the internal circulation.Third,the digital economy is highly related to regional self-development capabilities and leading industries;the digital economy has good results and momentum in areas with strong industrial development foundation and comprehensive development strength;on the contrary,there will be more serious investment redundancy,and it is difficult to develop in conjunction with regional industries;and this problem exists in the east,middle,west and northeast regions.And fourth,it is feasible to smooth the domestic circulation through the digital economy,but the digital economy needs to be implemented gradually;and on the basis of smoothing the internal circulation of the first and the second echelons respectively,the circulation between the first and second echelons should be unblocked,and the internal circulation radius should be continuously expanded depending on the industrial chain between urban agglomerations.