京津冀生态产品供给能力提升及价值实现路径

The Supply Capacity Improvement and Value Realization Path of Ecological Products in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

生态产品是生态文明建设的核心理念,是新时代人民美好生活需要的重要内容。京津冀协同发展是国家重大战略,研究生态产品供给能力及价值实现路径具有重要理论价值和实践意义。立足于生态产品内涵,构建了包括生态环境产品、生态物质产品、生态文化产品、生态空间产品4个一级分类、8个二级分类、24个具体指标的生态产品供给能力评价指标体系,通过生态产品供给能力熵值评价法、生态-健康-市场的生态产品价值综合核算法,对京津冀生态产品供给能力进行评价及价值核算,结合指标体系和计算结果探索生态产品价值实现路径。研究表明:京津冀生态产品供给能力及价值具有明显的区域差异,二者不完全对应;承德、张家口、北京的生态产品供给能力强,邢台、衡水、廊坊、邯郸的生态产品供给能力较弱;承德、张家口生态产品价值占GDP的比重极高,北京、天津的占比很低;应建立公共性生态产品政府主导市场支持、经营性生态产品政府支持市场主导、权益性生态产品政府引导市场运作的差异化价值实现路径。应从合理划分生态产品供给类型区域、强化生态产品的市场作用、健全生态保护补偿制度,加快构建京津冀生态产品供给区域合作体系四个方面提升生态产品供给能力并促进价值实现。

Ecological products are the core concept of ecological civilization construction and an important content that people need for a better life in the new era.The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is a major national strategy,and the study of ecological product supply capacity and value realization paths has important theoretical and practical significance.Based on the connotation of ecological products,an evaluation index system for the supply capacity of ecological products including 4 primary classification indicators(i.e.,ecological environment products,ecological material products,ecological cultural products,and ecological space products),8 secondary classification indicators,and 24 specific indicators has been established.The ecological product supply capacity entropy evaluation method and the ecological-health-market ecological product value comprehensive verification algorithm are used to evaluate the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ecological product supply capacity and value accounting;and the value realization path of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ecological products is explored with the help of this indicator system and the accounting result.It is found that:the supply capacity and value of ecological products in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei have obvious regional differences,and the two are not completely corresponding;Chengde,Zhangjiakou,and Beijing have higher ecological product supply capacity,Xingtai,Hengshui,Langfang,and Handan have lower ecological product supply capacity;ecological product value in Chengde and Zhangjiakou accounts for a very high proportion of the GDP,while that of Beijing and Tianjin is lower;and for different kinds of ecological products,we should adopt different value realization path,namely,the path of government-led and market-support is suitable to public ecological products,the path of government-support and market-led is suitable to business ecological products,and the path of government-guided and market-operation is suitable to equity-based ecological products.We should improve the supply capacity and promote value realization from such four aspects as rationally dividing the types of ecological product supply areas,enhancing the market role of ecological products,improving the ecological protection compensation system,and accelerating the construction of regional cooperation system for ecological product supply in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.