新加系杜洛克猪、大白猪、长白猪的胴体性能及肉品质比较分析

Comparative analysis on the carcass performance and meat quality of new Canadian Duroc,Yorkshire and Landrace pigs

为了了解新加系杜洛克猪、大白猪及长白猪的种质特性,试验从3个品种猪中各选择5头进行胴体性能及肉品质指标的测定。结果表明:杜洛克猪屠宰率显著高于长白猪,瘦肉率显著高于大白猪和长白猪(P<0.05),肥肉率显著低于大白猪(P<0.05),长白猪和大白猪比较差异不显著(P>0.05);杜洛克猪胴体斜长极显著长于长白猪(P<0.01),显著长于大白猪(P<0.05);杜洛克猪和长白猪平均背膘厚极显著低于大白猪(P<0.01);杜洛克猪肥瘦比值、心脏系数和肝脏系数显著低于大白猪(P<0.05);杜洛克猪和大白猪脾脏系数显著低于长白猪(P<0.05);杜洛克猪pH24 h值极显著高于大白猪和长白猪(P<0.01),b*值显著低于大白猪(P<0.05);其他指标3个品种比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明长白猪、大白猪及杜洛克猪的整体胴体性能及肉品质较好,其中杜洛克猪的胴体性能及肉品质优于长白猪及大白猪。

In order to study the breeding characteristics of the new Canadian Duroc, Yorkshire and Landrace pigs, 5 pigs were selected from each breed for the carcass performance and meat quality indexes were determined. The results showed that slaughter percentage of Duroc pigs was significantly higher than that of Landrace pigs, and the lean meat percentage was significantly higher than that of Landrace and Landrace pigs(P<0.05). The fat percentage of Duroc pigs was significantly lower than that of Yorkshire pigs(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between Landrace and Yorkshire pigs in it(P>0.05). The carcass length of Duroc pigs was significantly longer than that of Landrace(P<0.01), and significantly longer than that of Yorkshire pigs(P<0.05). The average backfat thickness of Duroc and Landrace was extremely significant lower than that of Yorkshire pigs(P<0.01). The ratio of fat to lean, heart coefficient and liver coefficient of Duroc pigs were significantly lower than that of large white pigs(P<0.05). While the kidney coefficient of Duroc pigs and Yorkshire pigs was significantly lower than that of Landrace pigs. The pH value of Duroc pigs was significant higher than that of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs(P<0.01) at 24 h, and the meat color b* value was significantly lower than that of Yorkshire pigs(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other indexes among the three cultivars(P>0.05). The results indicated that new Canadian Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire pigs had better carcass performance and meat quality, and the carcass performance and meat quality of Duroc pigs were better than those of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs.