中英城市更新实践中社区参与的权力结构与制度逻辑

Power Relations and Institutional Rationales of Community Involvement in Urban Regeneration Practice in China and the UK

21世纪以来,城市更新实践中多元主体的利益冲突复杂多样,学界对城市更新中社区权力的关注日益增强。在公众参与社会治理的制度化改革不断深化的背景下,文章对中英两国城市更新中的社区参与案例进行深入分析,从技术实施、权力关系和制度逻辑3个层面探讨两国社区参与模式的异同,提出中国应多维度地构建社会权利保障机制,包括打造完整的“参与—反馈”闭环、削弱地方政府专断权,并将有影响力的第三方纳入社区参与权力结构框架等建议,推动公众介入土地开发关键性权力资源的分配,以期为中国的公众参与制度化改革提供借鉴。

The complex relations and interest conflicts between multiple stakeholders in the practice of urban regeneration have increasingly drawn academic attention to community power.In the context of China’s accelerating public participation in the institutional reform of social governance,this article compares the community participation activities in China and the UK,and analyses them from the perspectives of technical implementation,power relations and underneath institutional rationales.Drawing on the experience from the UK,China’s institutional reform promoting public participation should construct mechanisms from multiple dimensions to create a sound basis for community power.That includes building a comprehensive participation-feedback closed-loop,weakening the discretionary power of local governments,incorporating influential third parties into the framework of power-relations around public participation,and giving the communities the access to critical power resources of land development.