甘蔗渣纤维素吸油材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and characterization of bagasse cellulose oil absorption material

在1-丁基-3-甲基氯咪唑([Bmim]Cl)离子液体均相反应介质体系下,以易改性甘蔗渣为原材料,经1%的Na OH预处理后,选用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂、过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为单体,采用均相接枝共聚制备天然纤维素基吸油材料。探究接枝反应中单体、引发剂、交联剂用量以及反应时间和反应温度对接枝效果的影响。采用SEM、FT-IR和XRD对甘蔗渣纤维素接枝前后的形态、结构以及结晶度进行表征,结果表明,接枝共聚物表面变粗糙且结晶度降低已成功接枝。最优条件下所制备甘蔗渣纤维素接枝率可达471.25%,水面浮油回收率为22.56 g/g,吸水率为2.55 g/g。通过均相共聚法实现对甘蔗渣的化学改性,所制备的吸油材料可应用于海洋石油污染处理。

Natural cellulose-based oil-absorption material is synthesized through radical polymerization process in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride( [Bmim]Cl) ionic liquid homogeneous reaction medium system,using easilymodified bagasse pretreated by 1% Na OH as raw material,N,N’-methylene-bisacrylamide( MBA) as cross-linker,ammonium persulfate( APS) as initiator and methyl methacrylate( MMA) as monomer. Influences of the dosages of monomer,initiator and cross-linker,reaction time and reaction temperature on grafting effect are investigated. The morphology,structure and crystallinity of bagasse cellulose before and after grafting are characterized by scanning electron microscope( SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction( XRD).The study confirms the grafted copolymer is successfully grafted with a rough surface and a reduced crystallinity. Under the optimum conditions,the grafting rate of the prepared material can reach 471. 25%,the oil-absorption capability from surface of water can reach 22. 56 g·g-1 and its water absorption ratio can reach 2. 55 g·g-1.The chemical modification of bagasse has been realized by means of homogeneous copolymerization method,and the as-prepared oil-absorption material can be applied to the treatment of oil pollution in marine.