超越“媒介事件”:重访开国大典实况转播

Beyond“Media Events”:Revisiting the Live Radio Broadcast of the Inauguration of PRC

新中国开国大典的实况转播是一次具有节点意义的中国新闻宣传实践,也是新中国历史上第一次媒介仪式。以戴扬与卡茨的"媒介事件"理论关照"开国大典",可以发现"开国大典"尽管呈现出戴扬与卡茨式"媒介事件"的若干特征,但作为承载着深厚中共传统和典型本土要素的症候式传播实践,其独特面向需要放置在中国/中共新闻实践中予以考察。研究认为,中国/中共新闻宣传史脉络中的"开国大典"溢出了"媒介事件"理论的视野,塑造了中国式的媒介仪式典范,并为"媒介事件"这一西方概念提供了中国语境的实践检验与更为丰富的解释空间。

The live broadcast of the founding ceremony of PRC was a practice of Chinese journalism with historical significance. It was the first national media event in the history of the New China. Although the live broadcast of the ceremony echoes the Media Events theory of Dayan and Katz, it is above all a unique communication practice of CPC with local significances, which can be better understood in line with CPC’s long tradition of journalistic practices and propaganda. This paper holds the view that the founding ceremony in the history of Chinese or CPC’s journalism and propaganda overflows the theory of Media Events, thus expands the space for dialogue with the classic Media Events theory, and endeavors to construct a Chinese model of media events.