平菇渣对盐碱化土壤的改良及对草莓生长的影响

Effect of Pleurotus Ostreatus Residue on Salinized Soil Improvement and Strawberry Growth

【目的】以人工配制的中重度盐碱化土壤为研究对象,通过对其添加不同含量的平菇渣来进行改良,使之适于栽培草莓,提高盐碱土栽培草莓的品质和产量,探索盐碱土改良的方法。【材料】以平菇渣为添加剂,对人工配制的盐碱化土壤进行改良试验。红颜草莓为试验植物,通过其存活率、叶片养分含量、叶片叶绿素含量、优质果产生量以及草莓产量等指标的对比,对改良效果进行评估。【方法】在保护地中,采用槽式栽培,在盐碱化程度较高的土壤中添加比例为0、1/5、1/4、1/3、1/2、1/1的经过60 d高温堆肥处理的平菇渣,以试验地基础田园土壤作为空白对照,研究不同比例平菇渣的添加,对盐碱土容重、pH值、EC值的影响,并以红颜草莓在这几种试验基质上的存活率、叶片养分含量、叶片叶绿素含量、优质果产生量及草莓产量等指标为参照,对该影响进行评估。【结果】不同比例的平菇渣添加量,对盐碱化土壤的理化性质均有明显影响,进而对草莓的存活率、叶片养分含量、叶片叶绿素含量、优质果实产生量及草莓产量等指标均产生影响。【结论】平菇渣可改良盐碱化土壤的理化性质,使之更适于草莓的栽培;中重度盐碱土中添加1/4~1/3平菇渣时,红颜草莓的存活率、生理指标及产量等表现最好,且略优于试验地基础田园土。

To improve the artificial medium and severe saline alkali soil,the different contents of Pleurotus ostreatus residue were added for cultivating strawberry suitably,and for improving the quality and yield of strawberry in saline-alkali soil,so as to explore the method for improving saline-alkali soil.The artificial saline-alkali soil was modified with Pleurotus ostreatus residue as additive.The improved effect was evaluated by comparison of survival rate,nutrient content,chlorophyll content,high quality fruit production and strawberry yield.In the protected soil,Pleurotus ostreatus residue with the additive proportion of 0、1/5、1/4、1/3、1/2、1/1 was added in high salinity soil for 60 days high temperature compost treatment,the effects of different proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus residue on the bulk density,PH value and EC value of saline-alkali soil were studied.The addition amount of Pleurotus ostreatus residue with different proportions had obvious influence on the physical and chemical properties of saline soil,and then on the survival rate of strawberry,leaf nutrient content,leaf chlorophyll content,high quality fruit production and strawberry yield.The pleurotus ostreatus residue could improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil and changed the land more suitable for strawberry cultivation.The addition of 1/4~1/3 of Pleurotus ostreatus residue in moderate and severe saline-alkali soil,the survival rate,physiological index and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus were the best,and it was slightly better than that of the experimental ground field.