运动干预对智力障碍儿童青少年平衡能力影响的Meta分析

Meta-analysis of the Effect of Exercise Intervention on the Balance Ability of Children and Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities

采用Meta分析法,探讨运动干预对智力障碍儿童青少年平衡能力的影响,并进一步分析影响平衡能力干预方案的因素,以期为今后该领域的干预及临床研究提供参考。方法:通过数据库检索到近10年关于运动干预对智力障碍儿童青少年平衡能力影响的相关文献1 436篇,运用"RveMan 5.3"软件对整体效应、异质性和偏倚性风险进行评估,通过亚组分析探讨调节变量对智力障碍儿童青少年平衡能力的影响。结果:1)运动干预可显著改善智力障碍儿童青少年的动态平衡能力、静态平衡能力,对动-静态平衡能力改善幅度较大,但效果不显著。合并效应量分别为:动态平衡能力[SMD=-0.80,95%CI为(-1.50,-0.11),p=0.02];静态平衡能力[SMD=-0.80, 95%CI为(-1.53,-0.07),p=0.03];动-静态平衡能力[SMD=0.87, 95%CI为(-0.51,2.25),p=0.22]。2)通过亚组分析探讨各研究间异质性(I2=87%),结果表明,智力障碍程度与运动周期可能是异质性原由。运动周期为8~15周、运动时间为45~60 min/次、运动频率为3~5次/周的运动干预可显著改善智力障碍儿童青少年的动态平衡能力和静态平衡能力。结论:运动干预能够有效改善智力障碍儿童青少年的动态平衡能力和静态平衡能力,但对动-静态平衡能力的效果不显著。运动干预对轻度智力障碍者效果更佳。受研究文献质量及局限性的影响,未来应设计更全面的实证研究,以促进智力障碍儿童青少年的体育活动参与,增强体能,最终促进其身体健康发展。

The Meta-analysis method was used to investigate the effect of exercise intervention on the balance ability of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities,and to further analyze the factors affecting the balance ability,so as to provide references for future intervention and clinical studies in this field.Methods:A total of 1436 articles on the influence of exercise intervention on the balance ability of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities were retrieved from the database in the past 10 years.Cochrane was used to assess the overall effect,heterogeneity and risk of bias,and the subgroup analysis was used to explore the adjustment variables.Results:1)Exercise intervention can effectively improve the dynamic balance ability and static balance ability of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities,and the dynamic-static balance ability is greatly improved,but the effect is not significant.The combined effects between different evaluation scales are:dynamic balance ability[SMD=-0.80,95%CI为(-1.50,-0.11),p=0.02];static balance ability[SMD=-0.80,95%CI为(-1.53,-0.07),p=0.03];dynamic-static balance ability[SMD=0.87,95%CI为(-0.51,2.25),p=0.22].2)The results of the subgroup analysis of the causes of heterogeneity(I2=87%)between studies indicate that the degree of intellectual disability and exercise cycle may be the cause of heterogeneity between studies.The exercise cycle is 8-15 weeks,the time is 45-60min/time,and the frequency is 3-5 times/week.The exercise intervention of children and adolescents with mental disabilities has a significant improvement in their dynamic and static balance.Conclusions:Exercise intervention can effectively improve the dynamic balance ability and static balance ability of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities,but the effect on the dynamic-static balance ability is not significant.In addition,exercise intervention was more effective for people with mild mental retardation.Influenced by the quality and limitations of the research literature,more comprehensive and standardized empirical studies should be designed in the future to improve the physical fitness and physical activity participation of children with intellectual disabilities,and ultimately promote their healthy development.