重庆市部分区县农村居民健康认知现状及干预对策

Status quo of health cognition among rural residents in partial districts and counties of Chongqing City and intervention countermeasures

目的了解重庆市部分区县农村居民健康认知现状,为后续开展健康素养干预提供参考依据。方法 2019年3-6月采用多阶段分层随机方法抽取重庆市非主城区成年农村居民进行《重庆市居民健康认知调查问卷》调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果发放650份问卷调查,回收有效问卷580份。调查结果显示,重庆市部分区县农村居民总体健康认知水平为21.78%,其中对常见卫生知识的健康认知水平为38.79%,对健康生活方式的健康认知水平为44.66%,对基础疾病知识的健康认知水平为9.14%,对群体相关性疾病知识的健康认知水平为16.55%,对操作处置技能的健康认知水平为25.69%。结论重庆市部分区县农村居民总体健康认知水平尚可,但几个维度认知差异较大,健康认知水平存在不均衡现象。应针对不同年龄人群开展形式多样的健康宣教,制订健康促进策略进行干预,弥补农村居民慢性病知识和预防知识的缺失,提高健康认知水平。

Objective To understand the status quo of health cognition among rural residents in some districts and counties of Chongqing City inorder to provide a reference basis for launching the follow-up health literacy intervention.Methods The adult residents in non-main urban areas were selected by using the multi-stage stratified random method,and the investigation was performed by using the Chongqing residents′health cognition questionnaire.Then the results were statistically analyzed.Results A total 650 quetionnaies were issued and 580 effective quetionnaies were recovered.The survey results showed that the total health cognition level of rural residents in partial districts and counties of Chongqing City was 21.78%,which of the common health knowledge was 38.79%,which of the healthy lifestyle was 44.66%,which of the basic disease knowledge was 9.14%,which of the group related disease knowledge was 16.55%,and which of operation and disposal skills was 25.69%.Conclusion The overall health cognition level among the rural residents in partial districts and counties of Chongqing City is acceptable,but there are great differences in several dimensions of cognition,and the level of health cognition is unbalanced.The various forms of health education aiming at different age groups should be carried out,the health promotion strategies should be formulated to conduct the intervention,health make up for the lack of chronic disease knowledge and prevention knowledge of the rural residents,and improve the level of health cognition.