广州地区无偿献血ALT异常人群特征分析及献血招募策略的探讨

Analysis of Characteristics of Abnormal ALT Population and Discussion of Blood Donation Recruitment Strategy

目的:探讨本地区献血人群中ALT异常人群特征,为减少因ALT异常报废率以及献血招募提供依据。方法:回顾性分析2015-2018年本中心无偿献血者中ALT异常的人群数据,统计分析ALT与HBsAg、HCV抗体、TP抗体以及在NAT检测中阳性标本的基本情况。结果:1372591例献血者中筛检出12032例(0.88%)ALT异常,2015-2018年ALT异常率呈逐年下降趋势。献血者ALT异常人群中在献血季度、性别、年龄、献血点和献血类型比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第三季度(7~9月)异常率最高、第二季度(4~6月)最低,男性比女性高,26~30岁和31~35岁年龄段分别为1.33%、1.25%,流动献血人群较高为1.01%,全血与单采分别是0.98%、0.06%。2017-2018年,ALT正常与异常的HBsAg、HCV抗体、TP抗体、NAT检测结果比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而肝炎指标(HBsAg、HCV抗体)抗体阳性标本中,合并ALT异常的只占1.9%(102/5360)。结论:本地区献血者ALT异常率男性远高于女性,26~35岁年龄段最高,主要来自献全血人群,流动点人群高于单位团体,而且跟季节有关;献血人群中进行ALT筛查仍然是需要的。

Objective:To explore the characteristics of ALT-positive people among blood donors in this area,and provide a basis for reducing the rate of abnormal ALT scrapping and recruitment of blood donations.Method:Retrospectively analyzed the population data of abnormal ALT among transient blood donors in our center from 2015 to 2018,and statistically analyzed the basic situation of ALT,HBsAg,HCV antibody,TP antibody and positive samples in NAT test.Result:Among the 1372591 blood donors,12032 cases(0.88%)were found to have abnormal ALT,and the abnormal rate of ALT was decreasing year by year from 2015 to 2018.Among the blood donors with abnormal ALT,there were differences in blood donation season,gender,age,blood donation site and blood donation type in each group(P<0.05).The abnormal rate was the highest in the third season(7 to 9)and the lowest in the second season(4 to 6),and the male was higher than the female,in the ages of 26-30 years old and 31-35 years old were 1.33% and 1.25% respectively.The percentage of mobile blood donors was 1.01%,the percentage of whole blood and platelets were 0.98% and 0.06%,respectively.From 2017 to 2018,there were statistically significant differences between normal and abnormal ALT HBsAg,HCV antibody,TP antibody and NAT detection results(P<0.05);however,only 1.9%(102/5360)of HBsAg and HCV antibody positive samples were combined with abnormal ALT.Conclusion:The abnormal rate of ALT among blood donors in this region is much higher in males than in females,and the highest in 26-35 years old,mainly from the whole blood donor population,the flow point population is higher than the unit group,and it is related to the season;ALT screening is still needed in blood donors.