核桃细菌性黑斑病的研究进展

Advances in Research of Walnut Blight

[目的]由核桃细菌性黑斑病菌引起的黑斑病严重威胁着我国核桃产业的健康发展,掌握该病的危害症状、病原以及防治措施,明确未来研究的热点、难点和重点十分重要。[方法]基于文献计量法,通过对国内外文献数据库中有关核桃细菌性黑斑病的文献开展分析。[结果]前人的研究主要集中在病害的危害症状、病害循环及防治方法等方面。关于该病菌的研究尚缺乏诸如分泌蛋白、致病机制、互作机制等分子生物学方面的研究以及病菌早期快速检测、全程绿色防控等常规性的研究报道。[结论]核桃细菌性黑斑病的病原主要为树生黄单胞菌胡桃变种Xanthomonas arboricola pv.Juglandis,该病的危害程度受环境湿度影响较大,防治的关键时期是核桃的展叶期和花期等,主要选择铜制剂+代森类、抗生素类+代森类等类型的混合药剂。未来应关注核桃细菌性黑斑病菌的致病因子和致病机制研究,为病菌早期快速检测和全程绿色防控提供理论基础。

[Objective]To study symptoms,pathogens and control measures of walnut bacterial black spot,and make clear the hot spots,difficulties and key points in future's research about walnut bacterial black spot.[Method]Based on bibliometrics,the authors analyzed the literatures about walnut bacterial black spot in domestic and foreign literature databases.[Result]Previous studies mainly focused on the harmful symptoms,disease cycle and control methods of the disease,while lacked the research on the molecular biology of this pathogen,such as protein secretion,pathogenic mechanism and interaction mechanism,as well as routine research reports such as early rapid detection and green prevention and control.[Conclusion]The pathogen of walnut bacterial black spot is Xanthomonas arboricola pv.juglandis,and the damage degree of walnut bacterial black spot is greatly affected by environmental humidity.Therefore,the key period of prevention and control is the initial infection period of walnut,such as leaf spreading period and flowering period,and the mixed agents of copper preparation,antibiotics and pesticides should be the main selection for prevention and control.In addition,attention should be paid to the study of pathogenic factors and pathogenic mechanism of walnut bacterial black spot in the future.