绿色建筑前期设计阶段的多目标优化及多属性决策模型

Green Building Multi-Objective Optimization and Multi-arbitrate Decision Model in Its Early Design Stage

综合考虑建筑物的体型参数、围护结构参数和功能布局的影响,运用层次分析法将描述性的功能目标转化为定量值,建立绿色建筑前期设计阶段的能耗、成本和功能的多目标优化模型。针对模型变量的离散性,以邻域拓扑结构改进粒子群算法,防止陷入局部最优,得到绿色建筑方案的Pareto解集。在绿色建筑多属性决策中引入马氏距离与组合赋权方法,对最优方案进行排序决策。通过案例分析验证该模型的效果,在保证一定功能的前提下,可获得较低的能耗和成本,实现绿色建筑设计理念。

After reviewing the influences of the shape parameters,envelope parameters,and functional layouts of abuilding,the Analytic Hierarchy Process is utilized to qualify its descriptive function objective,and a green building multi-objective optimization model(GBMOO)is developed,whose objectives include building energy consumption,cost and function.Considering the discretization of the variables in the model,a particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to avoid local optimum,improved by the neighborhood topology structure.A Pareto solution set is obtained by it.Mahalanobis distance and combination weights are introduced in the multi-attribute decision-making method to sort the optimal solutions.A case study reveals this model is suitable and shows that the green design can be implemented by this optimization model,keeping lower energy consumption and lower cost while ensuring a certain function.