竞争环境下随机产出供应商的融资策略研究

Study on the Financing Strategies of Supplier with Stochastic Output in a Competitive Environment

考虑由一个制造商和两个竞争性供应商组成的供应链系统,其中一个供应商存在资金短缺的问题,自有资金不足以完成正常生产任务,需要通过融资获得资金完成生产。针对供应链内部和外部两种融资模式,分别构建了供应链成员的收益模型,计算了不同融资方式下的决策结果,并在此基础上对两种融资模式进行了比较分析。结果表明,资金短缺的供应商生产不确定性较低时,供应链成员所能获得的利润较高,并且内部融资下资金短缺的供应商生产积极性高于外部融资。同时发现,对融资方式偏好的不一致将导致制造商利润损失,此时制造商可以采取一定的激励措施引导供应商选择合适的融资方式以提高整体收益。

This paper considers a supply chain system consisting of one manufacturer and two competitive suppliers.One of the suppliers has capital constraint,so that its own capital is insufficient to complete production tasks.As a result,it is necessary for the capital-constrained supplier to get financing support to complete the production.With regard to the internal and the external financing methods,this paper separately constructs the revenue models of supply chain members,analyzes their optimal decisions under both methods,and compares the two financing modes through numerical experiments.The results show that when the level of production uncertainty is low,the profits of the supply chain members are higher,and the production enthusiasm of the capital-constrained supplier is higher under the internal financing method than those under the external financing method.The results also show that the inconsistent preferences for financing methods between manufacturer and supplier lead to decreasing profit for the manufacturer.While fortunately,it is possible for the manufacturer to induce the supplier to choose the preferred financing method through providing subsidies,which will increase its profit.