干盐湖区隐伏控卤构造遥感识别研究——以马海盐湖为例

Research of remote sensing recognition of concealed brine-controlling structures in dry salt lake area:a case study of Mahai salt lake

马海盐湖是柴达木盆地一个重要的成钾盐湖,本研究对该盐湖区隐伏控卤构造开展遥感识别研究,利用LANDSAT光学遥感数据和PALSAR雷达遥感数据,采用了光学遥感假彩色合成影像解译和雷达遥感数据干涉分析,解译了研究区的构造,识别出研究区一级构造三条,二级的构造若干条。并通过在干盐湖区遥感构造识别及构造应力分析,判定了2条一级压性构造和1条一级张性构造,对解译的构造进行野外查证,压性构造和张性构造野外特征明显,同时受构造几何形态影响,同一断裂不同部位断裂性质会发生变化,张性应力的位置除与构造性质有关外,也与构造几何特征有关,并进行了野外查证。本次研究结合已知卤水矿和浅表给水度和含钾率的分析,最终圈定出两个具有潜力的遥感预测靶区。

Remote sensing(RS) work is difficult in the exploration of underground brine in the Salt Lake area because of concealed area in Salt Lake. The Mahai Salt Lake is an important potash forming salt lake in the Qaidam basin, China. The mineral deposit in the Mahai Salt Lake is the main ore controlling structure. In this paper, optical RS false color images and Radar were used to interpret the structures, including LANDSAT ETM and PALSAR data. Three primary structures and several secondary structures were identified and tectonic stress analysis was undertaken. Two first order compressive structures play the role of blocking water, and one first order tensile structure was considered for conducting water. Finally, two potential remote sensing prediction targets are delineated based on the analysis of known brine deposits, superficial porosity and potassium content.