水溶性离子对油水乳液中甲烷水合物的生成影响实验

Experiment for effect of water-soluble ions on formation of methane hydrate in oil-water emulsion

在开采深海油气的过程中,管道内低温高压的条件容易形成水合物,从而堵塞管道,给管道油气输送带来重大安全隐患。为此,针对海水主要成分在油气开采过程中形成的多相流环境开展了水合物生成动力学实验,观察实验过程中不同独立组分或多组分共同作用对水合反应中气体压力参数和储气量的变化规律。以Span80和SDS为分散剂制备了稳定的白油乳液,将不同质量分数的乳液分别与人工海水晶体混合,分析水解离子对乳液体系中水合物生成的影响。结果表明:人工海水晶体可促进乳液体系分子间的传热传质,缩短水合物生成的诱导时间,加快水合反应速率,明显提高水合物的生成量。研究结果可为油气开采过程中管道内防治水合物堵塞提供参考。(图5,表1,参18)

In the process of deep-sea oil and gas production,the low-temperature high-pressure condition in the pipeline is naturally helpful for formation of hydrates,which may result in the blockage of pipelines,bringing a major safety hazard to the pipeline transportation of oil and gas.Thus,a kinetic experiment on hydrate formation was conducted in the multiphase flow environment formed by the main components in seawater during oil and gas production,and the variation of the individual or combined effect of different components on the gas pressure parameters and gas storage during the hydration reaction was observed during the experiment.In the experiment,stable white oil emulsion was prepared with Span80 and SDS as the dispersing agents,the emulsion at different mass fraction was mixed with the artificial seawater crystals separately,and the effect of hydrolytic ions on the hydrate formed in the emulsion system was analyzed.The results show that the artificial seawater crystal can promote the heat and mass transfer between the molecules of the emulsion system,shorten the induction time of hydrate formation,accelerate the hydration reaction rate,and significantly increase the hydrate formation.The research provides a reference for prevention and control of hydrate blockage in pipelines during oil and gas production.(5 Figures,1 Table,18 References)