新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间儿童视力变化及影响因素

Changes in children′s vision and related influencing factors during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)暴发后疫情防控期间儿童视力变化及相关影响因素,为指导儿童用眼卫生减少儿童近视提供依据。方法自2020年6月23日至6月30日采用线上问卷开展横断面调查。以中国各地受疫情影响的儿童为调查对象,问卷内容包括人口学资料、视力变化情况及相关影响因素调查,并采用卡方检验进行统计分析。结果共获得608份有效问卷,男童322份占53%,女童286份占47%,受调查儿童总体近视率为30.6%(186/608)。不同性别和居住地儿童近视人数比例差异无统计学意义,而在不同年龄段差异有统计学意义。疫情前已近视儿童在疫情期间视力变化比例较高,且有较多不良用眼行为和习惯,父母均近视对儿童近视有一定的影响。结论不良用眼行为和习惯仍是疫情期间影响儿童视力的主要因素。养成良好的用眼行为习惯,才能预防和减少近视的发生。

Objective To investigate the changes in children′s vision and the related influencing factors during the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and to provide evidence for guiding eye health and reduce myopia in children.Methods An online questionnaire was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey between June 23 and June 30,2020.Taking children affected by the epidemic in various parts of China as the survey subjects,the questionnaire included surveys of demographic data,vision changes and related influencing factors.The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 608 valid questionnaires were obtained.Boys accounted for 53%(322/608),girls accounted for 47%(286/608),and the overall myopia rate was 30.6%(186/608).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of myopia among children of different genders and children from different places of residence,while there was statistically significant difference among different age groups.Before the epidemic,children with myopia showed a higher proportion of vision changes during the epidemic,and they had more bad eye-using behaviors and habits.Both parents with myopia somehow affect children′s myopia.Conclusion Bad eye-using behaviors and habits are still the main factors affecting children's vision during the epidemic.Only by developing goodeye-using behaviors and habits may prevent and reduce the occurrence of myopia.