直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性在住院贫血患者中的分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Positive Direct Antiglobulin Test in Hospitalized Patients with Anemia

目的:分析直接抗人球蛋白试验在住院贫血患者中的阳性分布情况,探讨直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性的临床意义。方法:随机选取2020年7-9月笔者所在医院住院患者408例为研究对象,采用低离子介质抗人球蛋白卡对住院血红蛋白含量正常者137例及贫血患者271例的血液进行直接抗人球蛋白试验。并对直接抗人球蛋白试验结果进行分析。结果:内科住院贫血患者的直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性率为31.8%,高于外科的9.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。内科血红蛋白含量在50~59 g/L的贫血患者直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性率最高,为57.9%。在内科科室中,贫血患者标本直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性率最高的科室为呼吸科,为56.3%。47例直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性内科贫血患者的疾病类型主要为血液病14例(29.8%)、感染性疾病12(25.5%)、肿瘤11例(23.4%)。结论:内科贫血患者直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性率高于外科,其中重度贫血患者(血红蛋白含量<60 g/L)阳性率高,血液病、感染性疾病、肿瘤等相关疾病患者易发生直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性,临床应给予重视。

Objective:To analyze the positive result distribution of direct antiglobulin test in the hospitalized patients who has anemia and to explore the clinical significances of the positive result of direct antiglobulin test.Method:A total of 408 inpatients in the hospitalized patients from July to September 2020 were randomly selected as the research objects,the LISS/Coombs was applied to implement the direct antiglobulin test on the blood of hospitalized patients with the 137 cases of normal hemoglobin content and the 271 cases of anemia.The positive results of direct anti-human globulin test were analyzed.Result:The positive rate of direct antiglobulin test of in internal medical hospitalized patients with anemia was 31.8%,which was higher than 9.8%in surgically hospitalized patients,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of direct antiglobulin test in the patients with anemia whose hemoglobin content of internal medicine of 50-59 g/L was the highest,which reached to 57.9%.While in the internal medicine department,the department with the highest positive rate of direct antiglobulin test on the patients with anemia was the respiratory department,which reached to 56.3%.The disease types of the 47 cases of patients with anemia who were tested positive in the direct anti human globulin test were mainly blood disease(14 cases,accounts for 29.8%),infectious diseases(12 cases,accounts for 25.5%)and tumors(11 cases,accounts for 23.4%).Conclusion:The positive rate of direct antiglobulin test of in internal medical hospitalized patients with anemia was higher than surgically hospitalized patients.The positive rate of severe anemia patients(hemoglobin content<60 g/L)is high.Blood diseases,infectious diseases and tumour are easily caused direct antiglobulin test was positive,and we should pay attention to it in clinic.