奥司他韦治疗婴幼儿流行性感冒的效果与安全性探讨

Efficacy and Safety of Oseltamivir in the Treatment of Infantile Influenza

目的:探讨奥司他韦治疗婴幼儿流行性感冒(流感)的效果与安全性。方法:选择2017年10月-2019年10月笔者所在科收治的100例流感住院患儿为研究对象,按照年龄将其分为婴幼儿组(0~3岁)58例,年长儿组(4~14岁)42例。两组均在相同的对症支持治疗基础上给予奥司他韦治疗。观察两组退热时间、咳嗽持续时间、住院时间、咽拭子流感病毒抗原转阴时间及不良反应发生率,并比较两组治疗效果。结果:婴幼儿组退热时间、咳嗽持续时间、咽拭子流感病毒抗原转阴时间分别为(2.6±1.2)、(5.8±2.1)、(5.1±1.2)d,年长儿组退热时间、咳嗽持续时间、咽拭子流感病毒抗原转阴时间分别为(2.4±1.0)、(6.1±1.4)、(4.7±1.5)d,两组比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.88,0.81,1.48,P>0.05)。婴幼儿组住院时间为(7.6±1.5)d,长于年长儿组的(6.5±1.7)d,差异有统计学意义(t=3.42,P<0.05)。婴幼儿组总有效率为94.8%(55/58),年长儿组总有效率为95.2%(40/42),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.13,P>0.05)。婴幼儿组奥司他韦相关不良反应发生率为8.6%(5/58),年长儿组奥司他韦相关不良反应发生率为7.1%(3/42),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.01,P>0.05)。结论:奥司他韦治疗婴幼儿流行性感冒可快速缓解临床症状,疗效好且不良反应轻微,安全有效。

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of Oseltamivir in the treatment of infantile influenza.Method:A total of 100 hospitalized children with influenza treated in our department from October 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into the infantile group 58 cases(0-3 years old)and the elderly group 42 cases(4-14 years old)according to their ages.Both groups received Oseltamivir treatment on the basis of the same symptomatic supportive treatment.The antipyretic time,cough duration,hospital stay,swab influenza virus antigen turn negative time and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were observed,and the treatment effects of the two groups were compared.Result:The antipyretic time,cough duration,and swab influenza virus antigen turn negative time of the infantile group were(2.6±1.2)d,(5.8±2.1)d,(5.1±1.2)d,respectively.The antipyretic time,cough duration and swab influenza virus antigen turn negative time of the elderly group were(2.4±1.0)d,(6.1±1.4)d and(4.7±1.5)d,respectively,and there were no significant difference between the two groups(t=0.88,0.81,1.48,P>0.05).The hospital stay of the infantile group was(7.6±1.5)d,which was longer than(6.5±1.7)d in the elderly group,the difference was statistically significant(t=3.42,P<0.05).The total effective rate of the infantile group was 94.8%(55/58),and the total effective rate of the elderly group was 95.2%(40/42).There was no significant difference between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.13,P>0.05).The incidence of Oseltamivir related adverse reactions was 8.6%(5/58)in the infantile group,and 7.1%(3/42)in the elderly group.There was no significant difference between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.01,P>0.05).Conclusion:Oseltamivir in the treatment of infantile influenza can rapidly alleviate the clinical symptoms,with good curative effect and mild adverse reactions,safe and effective.