磺胺类药物在水中的分布及去除技术研究进展

Research Progress in the Distribution of Sulfonamides in Water and Their Removal Technologies

磺胺类药物是一类水环境中高频检出的抗生素,虽然它们通常以ng/L或μg/L的浓度存在,但是可能具有直接神经毒性,对环境和人类健康产生潜在风险,是再生水安全利用中重点关注的目标污染物。该文综述了磺胺类药物(磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺二甲嘧啶和甲氧苄啶)在水环境中的分布特征与毒害效应,重点对磺胺类药物的去除技术(物理方法、化学方法、生物方法和耦合工艺)进行了系统总结,分析了各种处理技术的去除效果、存在不足及发展方向,并对未来磺胺类药物的高效去除及毒性削减的技术发展进行了展望,旨在为含有磺胺类药物的污(废)水生化尾水深度净化与再生水安全回用技术的发展提供指导。

Sulfonamides are a class of antibiotics frequently detected in water environment.Although they usually exist at ng/L orμg/L levels,they may have direct neurotoxicity,posing potential risks to the environment and human health,therefore,they are the target pollutants of special concern in the safe utilization of reclaimed water.The distribution characteristics and environmental risks of sulfonamides(sulfamethoxazole,sulfadiazine,sulfadimidine and trimethoprim)were reviewed,and the removal technologies of sulfonamides(physical removal,chemical removal,biodegradation and coupling technology)were systematically summarized.The removal effect,deficiency and development direction of various treatment techniques were analyzed,and the future development of high-efficiency removal and toxicity reduction of sulfonamides were prospected,to provide guidance for the development of deep purification and safe reuse of biochemical tail water containing sulfonamides.