湖北武穴方言指示代词三分型研究

A Study on the Tripartite Demonstrative Pronouns in Wuxue(武穴)Dialect of Hubei(湖北)Province

武穴方言属于江淮官话黄孝片,其指示代词系统存在"嗒-勒1/兀-勒2"这种"近-远-更远"的三分格局以及表示定指的指示词"古"。在指示人、物和处所时,武穴方言是严格的三分,但"勒1"与"兀"存在可以互换现象;在指示时间时,存在"嗒-勒1-勒2"三分现象,但"兀"不能指示时间;在指示方式上,存在"嗒-勒1/兀-勒2"三分,但"兀"可以表示虚指;在指示性状程度上,不存在严格的三分现象,实际上是二分。并且武穴方言的"近-远-更远"指示代词系统符合认知语言学中语音象似性原则中的背景原则、响度原则和重度原则。指示词"古"发展成为定指词也能在音理上和语音象似性原则中找到根据。

The Wuxue(武穴) dialect belongs to Huang(黄) Xiao(孝) Pian(片) in Jianghuai(江淮) Mandarin, its demonstrative pronoun system has a three-point pattern of "near-far-farther" such as Ta(嗒)-Le(勒 1)/Wu(兀)-Le(勒 2), and has Gu(古) for a definite word. The Wuxue(武穴) dialect is strictly three-pointed when instructing people, things and premises, but Le(勒 1) and Wu(兀) are interchangeable;when indicating the time, there is a three-point phenomenon of Ta(嗒)-Le(勒 1)-Le(勒 2), but wu(兀) cannot indicate the time;in terms of the indication method, there is a Ta(嗒)-Le(勒 1)/wu(兀)-Le(勒 2) three-point, but wu(兀) can mean a false;in the degree of indicating traits, there is no strict trichotomy, in fact it is dichotomy. The "near-far-farther" demonstrative pronoun system of Wuxue(武穴) dialect conforms to the Background Principle, the Sonority Principle and the Weightiness Principle of Phonetic Iconicity in Cognitive Linguistics. The development of the demonstrative word Gu(古) as a definite word can also find a basis in the sound theory and the principle of Phonetic Iconicity.