城乡交通一体化高质量发展的困局及其治理

Dilemma of High-quality Development of Urban-Rural Traffic Integration and Its Governance

城乡交通一体化高质量发展是助力乡村振兴和交通强国战略的重要抓手,能够消除制约农村发展的交通瓶颈,为农业农村现代化提供基础性支撑.从管理体制的"二元结构",公路立法滞后以及城乡公共客运票价、财税政策的二元市场混同结构问题入手,并针对公路设计标准与交通能力不匹配、城乡客运市场特征的显著差异性与农村交通基础设施归属不顺及投资主体的单一性等症结进行分析,得出了城乡交通一体化高质量发展需要对结构困局进行"一体化"统筹,实现结构体系化、综合性的新局面,需要从理顺城乡道路管理体制、绿色交通统筹衔接城乡道路功能层次结构以及以智慧交通赋能完善城乡交通服务机制等层面整体优化路径,由此提出相应的对策建议.

The high-quality development of urban and rural transportation integration is an important starting point for rural revitalization and transportation power strategy.It can eliminate the traffic bottleneck restricting rural development and provide basic support for agricultural and rural modernization.From the management system of“dual structure”,highway legislation lagging,public passenger fares between urban and rural,dual market confusion structure problems of the fiscal and taxation policy,we analyzed the crux of the problems,such as the mismatch between highway design standards and traffic capacity,the significant difference between urban and rural passenger transport market characteristics,the unsuitable ownership of rural transport infrastructure and the singleness of investment subjects.It is concluded that the high-quality development of the integrated urban and rural transportation needs to carry out the“integration”planning for the structural dilemma.It is necessary to put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the overall optimization path from the aspects of rationalizing urban and rural road management system,connecting urban and rural road function hierarchy with green traffic as a whole,and improving urban and rural traffic service mechanism by enabling smart traffic.