组蛋白修饰在卵母细胞发育中功能和调控机制的研究进展

Function and regulatory mechanism of histone modifications during oocyte development

组蛋白修饰作为表观遗传调控网络的重要组成部分,其主要的修饰类型包括乙酰化、甲基化、磷酸化等,在卵母细胞减数分裂过程中呈现动态变化。在卵母细胞发育过程中,表观遗传调控因子涉及的乙酰化、甲基化维持、磷酸化和组蛋白置换调控着卵母细胞减数分裂过程中基因的表达、纺锤体的组装、染色体的排列和基因组的稳定性,确保了卵母细胞减数分裂的正常进行和卵母细胞的正常发育。该文对卵母细胞发育过程中组蛋白修饰的变化、功能和调控机制的研究进展进行综述。

Histone modifications,as an important part of the epigenetic regulatory network,including acetylation,methylation,phosphorylation,etc.,show dynamic changes during oocyte meiosis.During oocyte development process,epigenetic regulation factor-related acetylation,methylation maintenance,phosphorylation and histone exchange regulate the expression of genes in the process of meiosis,spindle assembly,the arrangement of chromosome and genome stability,ensuring the normal oocyte meiosis and oocyte development.This review summarized the research progress of the dynamics,functions and regulation of histone modifications during oocytes development.