异位妊娠患者术后心理状况及其危险因素分析

Analysis of psychological status and risk factors of ectopic pregnancy patients after operation

目的分析异位妊娠患者术后心理状况及其危险因素。方法选取2018年8月至2020年8月海安市人民医院接诊的150例行输卵管切除术或保守手术治疗的异位妊娠患者作为研究对象,将其设为观察组,另选取同期海安市人民医院接诊的150例正常妊娠孕妇作为对照组。比较两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),使用Pearson相关性分析异位妊娠患者术后EPQ各维度评分与SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90评分的关系,分析婚姻、生育要求、社会支持、认知行为、手术方式对异位妊娠患者术后SAS评分、SDS评分的影响。结果观察组SAS评分、SDS评分均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组SCL-90评分中躯体化、焦虑和恐怖评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组EPQ中精神质评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson相关性分析,异位妊娠患者EPQ中精神质评分与术后SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90评分中躯体化、焦虑和恐怖评分均呈正相关(P<0.05);异位妊娠患者术后SAS评分、SDS评分受婚姻、生育、社会支持和认知行为影响。结论异位妊娠患者术后存在焦虑和抑郁情况,躯体化、焦虑和恐怖症状较为明显,与未婚、有生育要求、人格特征中精神质和认知行为障碍有关,其中社会支持是保护性因素,值得临床予以重视。

Objective To analyze the psychological status and risk factors of patients with ectopic pregnancy after operation. Methods 150 ectopic pregnancy patients receiving salpingectomy or conservative surgical treatment in Hai′an People′s Hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the observation group. Another 150 normal pregnant women admitted to the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), self-rating depression scale(SDS), self-rating symptom scale(SCL-90) and eysenck personality questionnale(EPQ) were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between postoperative EPQ scores and SAS scores, SDS scores and SCL-90 scores. To analyze the effects of marriage, fertility requirements, social support, cognitive behavior, and surgical methods on postoperative SAS and SDS scores of patients with ectopic pregnancy. Results SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). SCL-90 scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). EPQ score of observation group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that EPQ psychotropic score of ectopic pregnancy patients was positively correlated with postoperative SAS score, SDS score, somatization, anxiety and fear score of SCL-90 score(P<0.05). Postoperative SAS and SDS scores of ectopic pregnancy patients were influenced by marriage, childbirth, social support and cognitive behavior. Conclusions The patients with ectopic pregnancy had anxiety and depression after surgery, and the symptoms of somatization, anxiety and phobia were obvious, which were related to unmarried, having fertility requirements, psychotropic and cognitive behavioral disorders in personality characteristics, among which social support was a protective factor, worthy of clinical attention.