澳门特区就读大学生性态度与性行为现状分析

An analysis on sexual attitude and behavior in universities in Macao

目的了解澳门特区大学生性态度与性行为现状,并提出相应意见与对策。方法本研究为描述性研究,采用便利抽样法,通过研究小组成员与学校取得共识,学校协助宣传网上问卷二维码及问卷网页版连结,学生以不记名方式网上自填问卷来进行数据收集。结果 ①共收到1 209份有效问卷,女性占53.85%,男性占46.15%。②14.47%学生有性行为经验,发生第一次性行为的最小年龄为13岁;36.00%学生曾与多于1人发生性行为。③超过70.00%学生恋爱后6个月内发生了性行为,担心自己或对方怀孕是最多学生发生性行为前会考虑的因素,占58.86%,其次是没有考虑任何问题占18.86%。④41.00%学生发生性行为时未使用避孕套,且有8.00%学生表示自己或伴侣有因发生性行为而怀孕或堕胎。结论澳门特区大学生性态度逐渐多元开放,而性责任担当意识卻存在弱化倾向,加上性安全意识的薄弱,大学生面临着各种身心健康的危机。因此,必须构建完整的性行为"引""防""治"系统。即尽快构建大学生健康行为研究体系,把问题大学生价值观"引"回正道;加强性责任担当核心素养培养工作,"防"大学生沦为缺乏社会责任感和个人责任意识之人;建立系统规范的全面性教育课程体系,使不安全性行为、性传染疾病、早孕堕胎等现象早日根"治"。

Objective To understand the status quo of sexual attitude and sexual behavior in universities of Macao, and put forward corresponding suggestions and countermeasures. Methods This is a descriptive study, using the convenience sampling method. The members of the research team reached a consensus with the school. The school helped to publicize the online questionnaire QR code and the link to the questionnaire web version. The students collected the data by filling in the questionnaire online anonymously. Results①A total of 1,209 valid questionnaires were received, of which 53.85% were women and 46.15% were men.②14.47% of the students have had sex experience, the minimum age for the first sexual act is 13 years old, and 36.00% of the students have had sex with more than one person.③More than 70.00% of students have had sex within six months of their relationship. Worrying about pregnancy is the most important factor that students will consider before having sex, accounting for 58.86%, followed by not considering any issues, accounting for 18.86%.④41.00% of the students did not use condoms when they had sex, and 8.00% said that they or their partners were pregnant or had an abortion due to sex. Conclusions Macao college students have gradually diversified and open sexual attitudes, but their awareness of sexual responsibility has weakened. Coupled with the weak awareness of sexual safety, college students are facing various physical and mental health crises. Therefore, it is necessary to build a complete system of "inducing", "preventing", and "curing" sexual behavior. That is, to build a research system on healthy behaviors of college students, to "lead" the values of problematic college students back to the right path;to strengthen the cultivation of core literacy of sex responsibility, to "prevent" colleges from becoming people who lack a sense of social responsibility and personal responsibility, to establish a systematic and standardized curriculum system for sexual education so that unsafe sex, sexually transmitted diseases and early pregnancy and abortion can be cured at an early date.