蚯蚓毒物兴奋效应研究进展

Research Progress on Hormesis in Earthworms

近年来,大量研究发现以低剂量刺激、高剂量抑制为表征的双相剂量效应关系(毒物兴奋效应,hormesis)在动植物及微生物中广泛存在。根据测试终点的不同,hormesis可被绘制成倒“U”型或“J”型曲线,主要表现为生物体因内稳态受到干扰而引起过度补偿的生物学效应。蚯蚓作为“生态系统的工程师”,对改良土壤结构功能、提高土壤生物肥力均有积极有益影响。同时,蚯蚓作为毒理学研究中的指示生物和模式生物,被广泛应用于评价污染物的环境风险。针对蚯蚓hormesis的研究进展进行综述,以期为未来研究提供理论依据和参考。

In recent years,a large number of studies have found that the biphasic dose-effect relationship(hormesis)characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition is widespread in animals,plants and microorganisms.According to the different test endpoints,hormesis can be drawn as an inverted"U"or"J"curve,which is mainly manifested as the biological effect of overcompensation caused by the disturbance of the homeostasis of the organism.As the"engineer of the ecosystem",earthworms have a positive and beneficial effect on improving soil structure and function and improving soil biological fertility.At the same time,earthworms,as indicator organisms and model organisms in toxicology research,are widely used to assess the environmental risks of pollutants.This article reviewed the research progress of earthworm hormesis in order to provide theoretical basis and reference for future research.