放疗诱发第二原发肿瘤

Radiotherapy-induced second primarymalignant neoplasms

放射治疗是恶性肿瘤治疗的重要手段之一。放疗与手术、系统治疗联合明显改善了患者预后,部分长期存活患者被诊断为第二原发恶性肿瘤如乳腺癌、食管癌、直肠癌、膀胱癌、肉瘤等。本文主要对放疗诱发第二原发肿瘤的剂量效应关系、潜伏期、影响因素、诊断、治疗、预后等内容进行阐述。

Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatments of malignant tumors.However,after the radiotherapy combined with surgery and systemic therapy significantly improved the prognosis of cancer patients,somelong-term survivors after radiation exposure were diagnosed as second primary malignancies such as breast cancer,esophageal cancer,rectal cancer,bladder cancer,and sarcoma.This paper mainly discusses the radiotherapy-induced second primary neoplasms in terms of the dose-effect relationship,incubation period,influencing factors,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis.