论当事人恒定原则下的受让人程序保障

ON THE PROCEDURAL GUARANTEE OF THE ASSIGNEE UNDER THE PRINCIPLE OF PARTY CONSTANCY

民事诉讼中,当事人恒定原则下受让人的程序保障包括事前程序保障、事中程序保障和事后程序保障。事前的程序保障就是要保障受让人的诉讼知悉权。我国应当通过立法规定转让人诉讼告知、法院职权通知、诉讼系属登记等制度。事中程序保障在于保障诉讼中受让人听审请求权。事中程序保障的方案有两种:一是在一定情形下,法院可酌定受让人承担诉讼;二是允许作为无独立请求权第三人的受让人可以独立实施民事诉讼行为,甚至可以实施与转让人相抵触的诉讼行为。事后的程序保障就是要保障受让人获得事后救济。

In civil procedure,the procedure guarantee of the transferee under the principle of party constancy includes the pre-suit procedure protection,the procedure protection in the lawsuit and the procedure protection after the lawsuit.The pre-suit procedure guarantee is to protect the assignee’s right to know the litigation.Therefore,China should stipulate such systems as the assignor’s obligation for notification of litigation,the duty of notification of the court,and the registration system for the period of pending action.The procedure protection in the event lies in the right of hearing the request of the assignee in the action.There are two ways of procedure protection in the event:First,under certain circumstances,the court may determine the assignee to undertake litigation.Second,as the third party without independent claim,the assignee is allowed to carry out the civil action independently,even if it conflicts with the assignor.The procedure protection after the event is to protect the assignee to obtain relief after the lawsuit.