马来西亚砂拉越电力工业发展模式及启示

Development Pattern of Power Industry in Sarawak in Malaysia and Its Enlightenment

近年来马来西亚砂拉越依托区位、资源、劳动力等优势条件,经济社会得到快速发展,与能源电力等基础设施建设形成良性互动、双向促进,砂拉越发展模式逐渐成为发展中地区效仿的样板。研究表明,砂拉越利用丰富的能源资源、低廉的水电价格和优越的投资条件,发展重工业和能源密集型产业,并带来溢出效应,带动周边乃至整个地区的经济发展。地区经济发展能够进一步反哺电力工业,有效地促进了电力基础设施建设,实现经济社会与电力发展的良性循环。砂拉越可再生能源走廊项目作为地区重大战略规划,为地区发展指明了方向。政府主导的发展模式,能够整合优势资源,长期确保政策稳定,为企业投融资、创新发展和项目实施带来重要保障。水电价格低廉使经济社会发展拥有较大的成本优势,有利于实现重工业、能源密集型产业集聚。我国企业在加里曼丹岛开展电力投资时,应充分发挥政府和社会资本合作优势,调动当地政府参与项目开发的积极性,形成投资合力;加强产业链集成和多领域联动,带动全产业链条走出去;同时要努力践行绿色发展理念,注重能源电力绿色和低碳投资。

Sarawak has achieved rapid economic and social development in recent years relying on its location,resources,labor and other advantages,and has realized the coordinated and orderly development between the economy and the energy and power infrastructures.The development pattern of Sarawak has gradually become a model for developing regions to follow.The researches show that Sarawak utilizes abundant energy resources,low hydropower price and superior investment conditions to develop heavy industries and energy-intensive industries,which brings spillover effect and drives the economic development of the surrounding areas and even the whole region.The economic boom can further promote the development of power industry and the construction of power infrastructure,realizing the sustainable development of economy,society and electricity.As an important regional strategy,the Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy (SCORE) guides the regional development.The government-dominated development pattern can integrate the superior resources,ensure the long-term stability of policies and provide important guarantee for enterprise investment and financing,innovative development and project implementation.The low hydropower price gives the economic and social development a great cost advantage,which is conducive to the agglomeration of heavy industries and energy-intensive industries.When carrying out power investment in Kalimantan,Chinese enterprises should give full play to the advantages of cooperation between the government and social capital and arouse the enthusiasm of local government to participate in project development to form a joint force of investment,strengthen industrial chain integration and multi-field interaction to drive the going global of the whole industrial chain,and strive to practice the philosophy of green development and bring the green and low-carbon investment in energy and power to the forefront.