天然细胞膜修饰纳米粒子在疾病诊疗中研究进展

Research progress of natural cell membrane modified nanoparticles in diagnosis and treatment of diseases

近年来纳米粒子(nanoparticles,NPs)在疾病的诊疗中占有重要地位。传统人工膜包裹的纳米粒子具有靶向性低、容易被免疫系统(reticuloendothelial system,RES)识别等缺点。天然细胞膜具有特异性的靶向作用,可以逃避免疫系统的监视,延长血液中的循环时间,为疾病的早期诊断、疗效监测、疾病治疗提供全新的技术方法和评估手段。本篇综述从人工膜修饰纳米粒子的应用局限性出发,总结了近年来关于天然细胞膜修饰纳米粒子在疾病诊疗中的研究进展,分析了目前在应用中存在的一些棘手问题,可以给学者们下一步关于天然细胞膜修饰纳米粒子的研究提供新思路,有助于为该类纳米粒子设计、研究及应用进一步提供理论研究基础和科研方向。

In recent years,nanoparticles have played an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.The traditional artificial membrane-coated nanoparticles have the disadvantages of low targeting capacity and easy to be recognized by immune system.Due to having the specific targeting effect,can evading the surveillance of the immune system,extending the circulation time in the blood and so on,the natural cell membrane provide a new technical method and evaluation means for the early diagnosis and efficacy monitoring of disease treatment.This review is based on the application limitations of artificial membrane-modified nanoparticles,summarizes the research progress of natural cell membrane-derived nanoparticles in disease diagnosis and treatment in recent years,and analyzes some thorny problems in application at present.This paper can provide some new ideas for the futher study on natural cell membrane-modified nanoparticles for scholars and help to provide theoretical basis and scientific research direction for the design,research and application of these nanoparticles.