正念训练对职业性煤工尘肺患者的肺功能、心理状况及自我管理能力的影响

Effect of Mindfulness Training on Lung Function,Psychological Status and Self-management Ability of of Patients with Occupational Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis

目的:探讨正念训练对职业性煤工尘肺患者的肺功能、心理状况及自我管理能力的影响。方法:选取2019年6月-2020年9月笔者所在医院接诊的66例职业性煤工尘肺患者进行研究,根据随机数表法将其分为对照组、观察组,每组33例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予正念训练干预护理,两组均连续护理2个月。比较两组干预前后肺功能、抑郁自评量表评分(SDS)、焦虑自评量表评分(SAS)和自我管理能力变化情况。结果:干预后,两组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF均较干预前升高(P<0.05),且观察组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预后SDS、SAS评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预后合理饮食、用药依从性、体质量控制、积极态度评分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:正念训练能有效提高职业性煤工尘肺患者的肺功能和自我管理能力,改善患者心理状况,值得在临床应用中进行推广。

Objective:To investigate the effect of mindfulness training on lung function,psychological status and self-management ability of patients with occupational coal workers’ pneumoconiosis.Method:A total of 66 patients with occupational coal workers’ pneumoconiosis admitted in our hospital from June 2019 to September 2020 were selected for this study.According to the random number table method,they were divided into the control group and the observation group,with 33 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given mindfulness training intervention nursing.Both groups were given continuous nursing for 2 months.The changes of lung function,self-rating depression scale (SDS) score,self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score and self-management ability were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Result:After intervention,FEV1,FEV1/FVC and PEF in both groups were increased compared with those before intervention (P<0.05),and the observation group was higher than the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).After intervention,SDS and SAS scores in both groups were lower than those before intervention (P<0.05),and the observation group was lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of reasonable diet,medication compliance,weight control and positive attitude in both groups were higher than those before intervention (P<0.05),and the observation group was higher than the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:Mindfulness training can effectively improve the lung function and self-management ability of patients with occupational coal workers’ pneumoconiosis,and improve the psychological status of patients,which is worthy of promotion in clinical application.