小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞极化与多发性硬化症的研究 进展

Research progress of microglia and macrophage polarization and multiple sclerosis

多发性硬化症(MS)属于中枢神经系统自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病。小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞是参与MS病理过程的主要细胞,具有促炎性(M1)和抗炎性(M2)两种极化表型。两种表型的动态变化,可调控疾病的发生和发展。调节小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化可能改善MS的病情。文章主要就小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞的来源、特性和功能,调控小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化改善MS病情的机制及其在MS防治中的可行性进行综述。

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS).Microglia and macrophages participate in MS's pathological process,and have two polarized phenotypes:pro-inflammatory type(M1)and anti-inflammatory type(M2).The dynamic changes of these two phenotypes can regulate the occurrence and development of the disease.Thus regulation of microglia/macrophage polarization may enhance the condition of MS.This article introduces the origin,characteristics and functions of microglia and macrophages,elaborates how it works to improve MS by regulating the polarization of microglia/macrophage,and discusses its feasibility in the prevention and treatment of MS.