2012-2017年佛山市恙虫病东方体优势株感染特征及重症患者的影响因素分析

Infection Characteristics of Dominant Strains of Orientia Tsutsugamushi in Foshan City from 2012 to 2017 and Analysis of Influencing Factors in Critically Ill Patients

目的:分析2012-2017年佛山市恙虫病东方体优势株感染特征及重症患者的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析在佛山市第一人民医院接受治疗的恙虫病例的临床资料,于2012年1月-2017年12月选取408例患者作为实验对象,分析恙虫病东方体优势株感染特征及重症患者的影响因素。结果:408例患者年龄分布中,>40岁最多,占比82.60%,≤40岁占比17.40%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);职业分布中农民占比最高,为51.47%,显著高于其他职业(P<0.05);发病季节分布中秋季占比最高,为68.38%,显著高于春、夏、冬季(P<0.05);文化程度分布中小学及小学以下占比最高,为74.51%,显著高于其他学历(P<0.05)。408例患者中个人卫生习惯较差、野外活动次数频繁、田间作业频繁、发病前存在昆虫叮咬史、家中有鼠类活动是影响患恙虫病的主要因素。结论:2012-2017年佛山市恙虫病东方体优势株感染患者多为中老年人,职业多为农民,发病季节多在秋季,文化程度较低,患者普遍存在较差的个人卫生习惯、野外活动或田间劳作的次数多、发病前存在昆虫叮咬史等是重症患者的重要影响因素。

Objective: To analyze the infection characteristics of dominant Oriental strains of Tsutsugamushi disease and the in-fluencing factors of severe patients in Foshan from 2012 to 2017. Methods: Clinical data of patients with tsutsugamushi treated inthe hospital were retrospectively analyzed. 408 patients were selected as experimental subjects from January 2012 to December 2017. The infection characteristics of dominant strains of orientia tsutsugamushi and the influencing factors of severe patients wereanalyzed. Results: Among the 408 cases, patients >40 years old accounted for the most, accounting for 82.60%, patients ≤40 years old accounted for 17.40%, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). In the occupation distribution, farmers account-ed for the highest proportion(51.47%), which was significantly higher than other occupations(P<0.05). In the seasonal distribu-tion, autumn accounted for the highest proportion(68.38%), which was significantly higher than spring, summer and winter(P<0.05). The proportion of education level in primary and secondary schools was the highest, accounting for 74.51%, which was signif-icantly higher than that of other education levels(P<0.05). The main factors influencing tsutsugamushi disease were poor personalhygiene, frequent field activities, frequent field work, insect biting history and rodent activity at home. Conclusion: From 2012 to 2017, most of the patients infected with the dominant strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi in Foshan City were middle-aged and elder-ly people, mostly farmers, the onset season was mostly in autumn, and the education level was low. The patients generally had poorpersonal hygiene habits, field activities or field activities. The frequency of work and the history of insect bites before the onset areimportant influencing factors for severely ill patients.