中美科学课程标准核心概念特点及知识层级结构的比较分析--以生命科学领域为例

A Comparative Analysis of the Core Concept Characteristics and Knowledge Hierarchy of Science Curriculum Standards between China and the United States-Take“Life Science Field”as an Example

2017年颁布的《小学科学课程标准》是我国科学教育改革和发展的重要成果,2013年颁布的《新一代科学教育标准》是美国科学教育实践和理论研究的成果,两者都针对科学各个领域的知识内容进行梳理、集合,最终形成各具特色的知识层级结构。文章以生命科学领域为例,分析中美科学课程标准中的知识布局、知识组织方式及核心概念层级结构的异同,剖析我国科学课程标准中的知识定位和知识层级结构的功能,与此同时评析美国科学课程标准中的优势,期待两大科学课程标准的研究对我国科学教育及一线科学教学有所启发。

The primary school science curriculum standard issued in 2017 is an important achievement in the reform and development of science education in China,and the new generation curriculum standard issued in 2013 is the result of the practice and theoretical research of science education in the United States.Both sorts out and gather the knowledge content in various fields of science,and finally form a distinctive knowledge hierarchy.Taking the field of life sciences as an example,this paper analyzes the similarities and differences of knowledge layout,knowledge organization and core concept hierarchy in science curriculum standards between China and the United States,dissects the knowledge orientation and function of knowledge hierarchy in science curriculum standards of China,and explores the wisdom in science curriculum standards of the United States.It is expected that the study of the two science curriculum standards will inspire science education and front-line science teaching in China.